Gene Details | GeDiPNet - Complete Gene Info, Disease Associations & Pathways

Gene Gene information from NCBI Gene database. Gene Gene ontology Other IDs Protein Pathways Associated diseases
Entrez ID	51738
Gene name	Ghrelin and obestatin prepropeptide
Gene symbol	GHRL
Synonyms (NCBI Gene)	MTLRP
Chromosome	3
Chromosome location	3p25.3
Summary	This gene encodes the ghrelin-obestatin preproprotein that is cleaved to yield two peptides, ghrelin and obestatin. Ghrelin is a powerful appetite stimulant and plays an important role in energy homeostasis. Its secretion is initiated when the stomach is

104

Show/Hide all (104)

GO ID	Ontology	Definition	Evidence	Reference
GO:0001664	Function	G protein-coupled receptor binding	IEA
GO:0001664	Function	G protein-coupled receptor binding	ISS	10604470
GO:0001696	Process	Gastric acid secretion	IBA
GO:0001696	Process	Gastric acid secretion	IEA
GO:0001937	Process	Negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation	IDA	15572208
GO:0002031	Process	G protein-coupled receptor internalization	IDA	10644702
GO:0005179	Function	Hormone activity	IEA
GO:0005515	Function	Protein binding	IPI	25416956, 32296183
GO:0005576	Component	Extracellular region	IDA	17392603
GO:0005576	Component	Extracellular region	IEA
GO:0005576	Component	Extracellular region	TAS
GO:0005615	Component	Extracellular space	IBA
GO:0005615	Component	Extracellular space	IDA	15039149, 15531532
GO:0005737	Component	Cytoplasm	IEA
GO:0005788	Component	Endoplasmic reticulum lumen	TAS
GO:0006006	Process	Glucose metabolic process	NAS	17392603
GO:0007186	Process	G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IEA
GO:0007186	Process	G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	ISS	10604470
GO:0007186	Process	G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	TAS	16511605
GO:0007204	Process	Positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration	IEA
GO:0007204	Process	Positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration	ISS
GO:0007416	Process	Synapse assembly	IEA
GO:0008154	Process	Actin polymerization or depolymerization	IDA	15232612
GO:0008343	Process	Adult feeding behavior	ISS
GO:0009725	Process	Response to hormone	IDA	15232612
GO:0009755	Process	Hormone-mediated signaling pathway	IDA	8688086, 31911434
GO:0009755	Process	Hormone-mediated signaling pathway	TAS	16511605
GO:0016358	Process	Dendrite development	IDA	16491079
GO:0016358	Process	Dendrite development	IEA
GO:0016525	Process	Negative regulation of angiogenesis	NAS	15572208
GO:0016608	Function	Growth hormone-releasing hormone activity	IBA
GO:0016608	Function	Growth hormone-releasing hormone activity	IEA
GO:0016608	Function	Growth hormone-releasing hormone activity	ISS	10604470
GO:0016608	Function	Growth hormone-releasing hormone activity	TAS	16511605
GO:0030252	Process	Growth hormone secretion	TAS	16511605
GO:0030296	Function	Protein tyrosine kinase activator activity	IMP	15350694
GO:0030424	Component	Axon	IDA	17113048
GO:0031667	Process	Response to nutrient levels	IEA
GO:0031768	Function	Ghrelin receptor binding	IBA
GO:0031768	Function	Ghrelin receptor binding	IEA
GO:0031768	Function	Ghrelin receptor binding	ISS
GO:0031768	Function	Ghrelin receptor binding	TAS	16511605
GO:0032024	Process	Positive regulation of insulin secretion	IEA
GO:0032024	Process	Positive regulation of insulin secretion	ISS
GO:0032095	Process	Regulation of response to food	IBA
GO:0032095	Process	Regulation of response to food	IEA
GO:0032097	Process	Positive regulation of response to food	IEA
GO:0032100	Process	Positive regulation of appetite	IEA
GO:0032100	Process	Positive regulation of appetite	IEA
GO:0032100	Process	Positive regulation of appetite	ISS
GO:0032691	Process	Negative regulation of interleukin-1 beta production	IDA	15232612
GO:0032691	Process	Negative regulation of interleukin-1 beta production	IEA
GO:0032715	Process	Negative regulation of interleukin-6 production	IDA	15232612
GO:0032720	Process	Negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production	IDA	15232612
GO:0032720	Process	Negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production	IEA
GO:0034774	Component	Secretory granule lumen	TAS
GO:0035774	Process	Positive regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus	IEA
GO:0040010	Process	Positive regulation of growth rate	IEA
GO:0040013	Process	Negative regulation of locomotion	IEA
GO:0040018	Process	Positive regulation of multicellular organism growth	IC	16511605
GO:0042127	Process	Regulation of cell population proliferation	IDA	15564328, 16394173
GO:0042322	Process	Negative regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, REM sleep	IDA	18329818
GO:0043066	Process	Negative regulation of apoptotic process	IDA	15158140
GO:0043066	Process	Negative regulation of apoptotic process	IEA
GO:0043400	Process	Cortisol secretion	NAS	17201814
GO:0043410	Process	Positive regulation of MAPK cascade	IMP	15350694
GO:0043627	Process	Response to estrogen	IDA	15292338
GO:0045927	Process	Positive regulation of growth	IEA
GO:0046010	Process	Positive regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, non-REM sleep	IDA	18329818
GO:0046676	Process	Negative regulation of insulin secretion	IEA
GO:0046697	Process	Decidualization	IDA	17494105
GO:0050728	Process	Negative regulation of inflammatory response	IBA
GO:0050728	Process	Negative regulation of inflammatory response	IDA	15232612
GO:0051216	Process	Cartilage development	NAS	15576457
GO:0051461	Process	Positive regulation of corticotropin secretion	IDA	12566947
GO:0051464	Process	Positive regulation of cortisol secretion	IDA	12566947, 18329818
GO:0051602	Process	Response to electrical stimulus	IEA
GO:0051965	Process	Positive regulation of synapse assembly	IDA	16491079
GO:0051965	Process	Positive regulation of synapse assembly	IEA
GO:0051969	Process	Regulation of transmission of nerve impulse	IEA
GO:0060079	Process	Excitatory postsynaptic potential	IEA
GO:0060124	Process	Positive regulation of growth hormone secretion	IBA
GO:0060124	Process	Positive regulation of growth hormone secretion	IDA	12566947, 18329818
GO:0060124	Process	Positive regulation of growth hormone secretion	IEA
GO:0060399	Process	Positive regulation of growth hormone receptor signaling pathway	IC	12566947
GO:0098685	Component	Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse	IEA
GO:0098794	Component	Postsynapse	IEA
GO:0098978	Component	Glutamatergic synapse	IEA
GO:0099013	Component	Neuronal dense core vesicle lumen	IEA
GO:0099170	Process	Postsynaptic modulation of chemical synaptic transmission	IEA
GO:0099175	Process	Regulation of postsynapse organization	IEA
GO:0120058	Process	Positive regulation of small intestinal transit	IEA
GO:0120162	Process	Positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis	IEA
GO:0120162	Process	Positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis	ISS	19666521
GO:1903012	Process	Positive regulation of bone development	IEA
GO:1903672	Process	Positive regulation of sprouting angiogenesis	IEA
GO:1904000	Process	Positive regulation of eating behavior	IEA
GO:1904179	Process	Positive regulation of adipose tissue development	IEA
GO:1904306	Process	Positive regulation of gastro-intestinal system smooth muscle contraction	IEA
GO:1904346	Process	Positive regulation of gastric mucosal blood circulation	IEA
GO:1904349	Process	Positive regulation of small intestine smooth muscle contraction	IEA
GO:1905333	Process	Regulation of gastric motility	IEA
GO:1905564	Process	Positive regulation of vascular endothelial cell proliferation	IEA
GO:2000253	Process	Positive regulation of feeding behavior	IEA

MIM	HGNC	e!Ensembl
605353	18129	ENSG00000157017

Q9UBU3

Protein name

Appetite-regulating hormone (Growth hormone secretagogue) (Growth hormone-releasing peptide) (Motilin-related peptide) (Protein M46) [Cleaved into: Ghrelin-27; Ghrelin-28 (Ghrelin); Obestatin]

Protein function

[Ghrelin-27]: Ghrelin is the ligand for growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1 (GHSR) (PubMed:10604470). Induces the release of growth hormone from the pituitary (PubMed:10604470). Has an appetite-stimulating effect, induces adiposity and s

PDB

6H3E , 7F9Y , 7NA7 , 7W2Z

Family and domains

Pfam

Accession	ID	Position in sequence	Description	Type
PF04644	Motilin_ghrelin	24 → 51	Motilin/ghrelin	Family
PF04643	Motilin_assoc	57 → 115	Motilin/ghrelin-associated peptide	Family

Tissue specificity

TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Highest level in stomach. All forms are found in serum as well. Other tissues compensate for the loss of ghrelin synthesis in the stomach following gastrectomy. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12414809}.

Sequence

MPSPGTVCSLLLLGMLWLDLAMAGSSFLSPEHQRVQQRKESKKPPAKLQPRALAGWLRPE
DGGQAEGAEDELEVRFNAPFDVGIKLSGVQYQQHSQALGKFLQDILWEEAKEAPADK

Sequence length

117

Interactions

View interactions

	KEGG		Reactome
	cAMP signaling pathway Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction Hormone signaling Growth hormone synthesis, secretion and action		G alpha (q) signalling events Synthesis, secretion, and deacylation of Ghrelin

Show/Hide Unknown Diseases (5)

Phenotype Name	Clinical Significance	dbSNP ID	RCV Accession
Unknown Diseases with uncertain, conflicting, or no pathogenic evidence in ClinVar
Inherited obesity	Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity	rs696217	RCV004820817
Metabolic syndrome, susceptibility to	risk factor; Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity	rs34911341, rs696217	RCV000005364 RCV000005366
Obesity	Uncertain significance; risk factor; Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity; Benign	rs1044457750, rs34911341, rs696217, rs4684677	RCV002266788 RCV000033194 RCV002482831 RCV000023422
Obesity, age at onset of	Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity	rs696217	RCV000005365
Thyroid cancer, nonmedullary, 1	Uncertain significance	rs577387219	RCV005937499

Show/Hide Text Mining Associations (38)

Disease Name	Relationship Type	References
Associations from Text MiningDisease associations identified through Pubtator
Anorexia Nervosa	Associate	17197106
Anxiety	Associate	23084284
Breast Neoplasms	Associate	18611262, 26472474, 35763463
Carcinoma Hepatocellular	Associate	26599409
Colorectal Neoplasms	Associate	20920174
Coronary Artery Disease	Associate	22738689
Diabetes Complications	Associate	12974878
Diabetes Mellitus	Associate	12974878
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2	Associate	12974878, 32698854
Embolism Fat	Associate	12181387
Feeding and Eating Disorders	Associate	17616759
Fever	Inhibit	22477150
Graves Disease	Associate	25868387
Hashimoto Disease	Associate	25868387
Hepatitis B Chronic	Associate	26599409
Hyperthyroidism	Associate	37876543
Hypoxia	Associate	31159591
Inflammation	Inhibit	26599409, 31038565, 34024815
Lipodystrophy Congenital Generalized	Associate	18640396
Liver Cirrhosis	Associate	26599409
Liver Diseases	Associate	26599409
Lymphoma Non Hodgkin	Associate	34024815
Mental Disorders	Associate	16470700
Metabolic Diseases	Associate	32698854, 34174062, 37715984
Metabolic Syndrome	Associate	35627229, 38127688
Neoplasms	Associate	20920174
Non alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease	Associate	34174062
Obesity	Associate	12181387, 16470700, 17616759, 18611262, 20054173, 23084284, 23900445, 24585435, 34024815, 37715984, 39203789
Panic Disorder	Associate	23084284
Periodontitis	Associate	31038565
Sleep Deprivation	Associate	23440187
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck	Associate	36505439
Stomach Neoplasms	Associate	32590738, 35449150, 36241983
Stomach Neoplasms	Inhibit	33788653
Supranuclear Palsy Progressive	Associate	33635380
Thinness	Associate	17616759
Thyroiditis Autoimmune	Associate	25868387
Weight Loss	Associate	27897403

GHRL (ghrelin and obestatin prepropeptide)