HLA-G (major histocompatibility complex, class I, G)

Gene

• Entrez ID: 3135
• Gene name: Major histocompatibility complex, class I, G
• Gene symbol: HLA-G
• Synonyms (NCBI Gene): MHC-G
• Chromosome: 6
• Chromosome location: 6p22.1
• Summary: HLA-G belongs to the HLA class I heavy chain paralogues. This class I molecule is a heterodimer consisting of a heavy chain and a light chain (beta-2 microglobulin). The heavy chain is anchored in the membrane. HLA-G is expressed on fetal derived placenta

miRNA

miRTarBase ID	miRNA	Experiments	Reference
MIRT000297	hsa-miR-148a-3p	Luciferase reporter assay	17847008
MIRT000295	hsa-miR-148b-3p	Luciferase reporter assay	17847008
MIRT000293	hsa-miR-152-3p	Luciferase reporter assay	17847008
MIRT731747	hsa-miR-152-5p	ELISA, Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR	26187665
MIRT731747	hsa-miR-152-5p	ELISA, Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR	26187665
MIRT000293	hsa-miR-152-3p	ELISA, Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR	26627200
MIRT000293	hsa-miR-152-3p	ELISA, Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR	26627200
MIRT735226	hsa-miR-744-3p	Luciferase reporter assay, Western blotting, RNA-seq, qRT-PCR, Flow cytometry	32571994
MIRT1048571	hsa-miR-1252	CLIP-seq
MIRT1048572	hsa-miR-2110	CLIP-seq
MIRT1048573	hsa-miR-3150a-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1048574	hsa-miR-4271	CLIP-seq
MIRT1048575	hsa-miR-4291	CLIP-seq
MIRT1048576	hsa-miR-4533	CLIP-seq
MIRT1048577	hsa-miR-4725-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1048578	hsa-miR-4747-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1048579	hsa-miR-509-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2011037	hsa-miR-513a-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2011038	hsa-miR-873	CLIP-seq
MIRT2243326	hsa-miR-1587	CLIP-seq
MIRT2243327	hsa-miR-224	CLIP-seq
MIRT2243328	hsa-miR-3616-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2243329	hsa-miR-3647-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2243330	hsa-miR-3663-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2243331	hsa-miR-4417	CLIP-seq
MIRT2243332	hsa-miR-4492	CLIP-seq
MIRT2243333	hsa-miR-4498	CLIP-seq
MIRT2243334	hsa-miR-4635	CLIP-seq
MIRT2243335	hsa-miR-4656	CLIP-seq
MIRT2243336	hsa-miR-4675	CLIP-seq
MIRT2243337	hsa-miR-4719	CLIP-seq
MIRT2243338	hsa-miR-4741	CLIP-seq
MIRT2243339	hsa-miR-526b	CLIP-seq
MIRT2243340	hsa-miR-541	CLIP-seq
MIRT2243341	hsa-miR-573	CLIP-seq
MIRT2243342	hsa-miR-593	CLIP-seq
MIRT2243343	hsa-miR-654-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2243344	hsa-miR-762	CLIP-seq

Transcription factors

Transcription factor	Regulation	Reference
CIITA	Unknown	11137218
GLI3	Repression	23592762
HIVEP2	Unknown	1409593
HSF1	Unknown	11005379
IRF1	Unknown	11087747
MYC	Activation	8206526
MYCN	Unknown	8895520
SP1	Unknown	11137218

Gene ontology (GO)

GO ID	Ontology	Definition	Evidence	Reference
GO:0000139	Component	Golgi membrane	IEA
GO:0000139	Component	Golgi membrane	TAS
GO:0001915	Process	Negative regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity	IDA	11290782
GO:0001916	Process	Positive regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity	IBA
GO:0002376	Process	Immune system process	IEA
GO:0002451	Process	Peripheral B cell tolerance induction	IDA	24453251
GO:0002474	Process	Antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I	IEA
GO:0002476	Process	Antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class Ib	IBA
GO:0002476	Process	Antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class Ib	IDA	7584149, 8805247
GO:0002486	Process	Antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I via ER pathway, TAP-independent	IBA
GO:0002645	Process	Positive regulation of tolerance induction	IMP	22802125
GO:0002666	Process	Positive regulation of T cell tolerance induction	IMP	20448110
GO:0002729	Process	Positive regulation of natural killer cell cytokine production	IDA	16366734, 19304799, 23184984
GO:0002767	Process	Immune response-inhibiting cell surface receptor signaling pathway	IDA	20702625
GO:0005102	Function	Signaling receptor binding	IBA
GO:0005102	Function	Signaling receptor binding	IPI	20702625, 22802125
GO:0005515	Function	Protein binding	IPI	9640257, 10190900, 11520457, 12582157, 12853576, 12874224, 16366734, 16455647, 16809620, 17056715, 19583775, 22802125, 24018270, 24899623, 28348268
GO:0005576	Component	Extracellular region	IEA
GO:0005615	Component	Extracellular space	IBA
GO:0005768	Component	Endosome	IEA
GO:0005769	Component	Early endosome	IDA	16366734
GO:0005769	Component	Early endosome	IEA
GO:0005783	Component	Endoplasmic reticulum	IEA
GO:0005789	Component	Endoplasmic reticulum membrane	IEA
GO:0005886	Component	Plasma membrane	IDA	7584149, 11290782, 12582157
GO:0005886	Component	Plasma membrane	IEA
GO:0005886	Component	Plasma membrane	TAS
GO:0006955	Process	Immune response	IBA
GO:0006968	Process	Cellular defense response	TAS	9539768
GO:0009897	Component	External side of plasma membrane	IBA
GO:0012507	Component	ER to Golgi transport vesicle membrane	IEA
GO:0012507	Component	ER to Golgi transport vesicle membrane	TAS
GO:0016020	Component	Membrane	HDA	19946888
GO:0016020	Component	Membrane	IEA
GO:0016525	Process	Negative regulation of angiogenesis	IDA	16809620
GO:0030670	Component	Phagocytic vesicle membrane	IEA
GO:0030670	Component	Phagocytic vesicle membrane	TAS
GO:0031527	Component	Filopodium membrane	IEA
GO:0031901	Component	Early endosome membrane	IEA
GO:0031901	Component	Early endosome membrane	TAS
GO:0032735	Process	Positive regulation of interleukin-12 production	IDA	20702625
GO:0033106	Component	Cis-Golgi network membrane	IDA	12582157
GO:0042130	Process	Negative regulation of T cell proliferation	IDA	20702625
GO:0042270	Process	Protection from natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity	IDA	11290782
GO:0042605	Function	Peptide antigen binding	IBA
GO:0042605	Function	Peptide antigen binding	IDA	7584149, 8805247, 20122941
GO:0042610	Function	CD8 receptor binding	IDA	12853576
GO:0042612	Component	MHC class I protein complex	IEA
GO:0042802	Function	Identical protein binding	IPI	16455647, 18550825, 22802125, 28348268
GO:0042803	Function	Protein homodimerization activity	IDA	12874224, 22802125
GO:0042995	Component	Cell projection	IEA
GO:0045591	Process	Positive regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation	IMP	20448110
GO:0045953	Process	Negative regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity	IDA	10190900
GO:0045953	Process	Negative regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity	IMP	12874224
GO:0050777	Process	Negative regulation of immune response	IC	22802125
GO:0051898	Process	Negative regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction	IDA	24453251
GO:0055038	Component	Recycling endosome membrane	IEA
GO:0055038	Component	Recycling endosome membrane	TAS
GO:0060907	Process	Positive regulation of macrophage cytokine production	IDA	19304799
GO:0070207	Process	Protein homotrimerization	IDA	12874224
GO:0070317	Process	Negative regulation of G0 to G1 transition	IDA	24453251
GO:0098553	Component	Lumenal side of endoplasmic reticulum membrane	IEA
GO:0098553	Component	Lumenal side of endoplasmic reticulum membrane	TAS
GO:2000353	Process	Positive regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process	IDA	16809620
GO:2000774	Process	Positive regulation of cellular senescence	IDA	23184984
GO:2001199	Process	Negative regulation of dendritic cell differentiation	IDA	20702625

Other IDs

• MIM: 142871
• HGNC: 4964
• e!Ensembl: ENSG00000204632

Protein

• UniProt ID: P17693
• Protein name: HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain G (HLA G antigen) (MHC class I antigen G) [Cleaved into: Soluble HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain G (sHLA-G)]
• Protein function: [Isoform 1]: Non-classical major histocompatibility class Ib molecule involved in immune regulatory processes at the maternal-fetal interface (PubMed:19304799, PubMed:23184984, PubMed:29262349). In complex with B2M/beta-2 microglobulin binds a l
• PDB: 1YDP, 2D31, 2DYP, 3BZE, 3CDG, 3CII, 3KYN, 3KYO, 6AEE, 6K60
• Family and domains:

  Pfam

  Accession	ID	Position in sequence	Description	Type
  PF00129	MHC_I	25 → 203	Class I Histocompatibility antigen, domains alpha 1 and 2	Domain
  PF07654	C1-set	211 → 290	Immunoglobulin C1-set domain	Domain

• Tissue specificity: TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in adult eye (PubMed:1570318). Expressed in immune cell subsets including monocytes, myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells and regulatory T cells (Tr1)(at protein level) (PubMed:20448110). Secreted by follicular dendritic
• Sequence:

  MVVMAPRTLFLLLSGALTLTETWAGSHSMRYFSAAVSRPGRGEPRFIAMGYVDDTQFVRF
  DSDSACPRMEPRAPWVEQEGPEYWEEETRNTKAHAQTDRMNLQTLRGYYNQSEASSHTLQ
  WMIGCDLGSDGRLLRGYEQYAYDGKDYLALNEDLRSWTAADTAAQISKRKCEAANVAEQR
  RAYLEGTCVEWLHRYLENGKEMLQRADPPKTHVTHHPVFDYEATLRCWALGFYPAEIILT
  WQRDGEDQTQDVELVETRPAGDGTFQKWAAVVVPSGEEQRYTCHVQHEGLPEPLMLRWKQ
  SSLPTIPIMGIVAGLVVLAAVVTGAAVAAVLWRKKSSD

• Sequence length: 338

Pathways

KEGG:

Endocytosis
Phagosome
Cellular senescence
Cell adhesion molecules
Antigen processing and presentation
Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity
Type I diabetes mellitus
Human cytomegalovirus infection
Human papillomavirus infection
Human T-cell leukemia virus 1 infection
Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection
Herpes simplex virus 1 infection
Epstein-Barr virus infection
Human immunodeficiency virus 1 infection
Viral carcinogenesis
Autoimmune thyroid disease
Allograft rejection
Graft-versus-host disease
Viral myocarditis

Reactome:

ER-Phagosome pathway
Endosomal/Vacuolar pathway
Immunoregulatory interactions between a Lymphoid and a non-Lymphoid cell
Interferon gamma signaling
Interferon alpha/beta signaling
Antigen Presentation: Folding, assembly and peptide loading of class I MHC

Associated diseases

Unknown
Phenotype Name	Clinical Significance	dbSNP ID	RCV Accession
Acute myeloid leukemia	Likely benign	rs78141541	RCV005907556
Cervical cancer	Likely benign	rs78141541	RCV005907558
Hepatocellular carcinoma	Likely benign	rs78141541	RCV005907557
Malignant lymphoma, large B-cell, diffuse	Likely benign	rs78141541	RCV005907559
Post-COVID-19 disorder	Likely risk allele	rs371194629	RCV004545869