Gene
Entrez ID Entrez Gene ID - the GENE ID in NCBI Gene database.
1756
Gene name Gene Name - the full gene name approved by the HGNC.
Dystrophin
Gene symbol Gene Symbol - the official gene symbol approved by the HGNC.
DMD
Synonyms (NCBI Gene) Gene synonyms aliases
BMD, CMD3B, DXS142, DXS164, DXS206, DXS230, DXS239, DXS268, DXS269, DXS270, DXS272, MRX85
Chromosome Chromosome number
X
Chromosome location Chromosomal Location - indicates the cytogenetic location of the gene or region on the chromosome.
Xp21.2-p21.1
Summary Summary of gene provided in NCBI Entrez Gene.
This gene spans a genomic range of greater than 2 Mb and encodes a large protein containing an N-terminal actin-binding domain and multiple spectrin repeats. The encoded protein forms a component of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC), which bridges
SNPs SNP information provided by dbSNP.
SNP ID Visualize variation Clinical significance Consequence
rs1064325 G>A,T Pathogenic, conflicting-interpretations-of-pathogenicity, likely-benign Intron variant, coding sequence variant, stop gained, synonymous variant, genic upstream transcript variant
rs5030730 G>A Pathogenic Coding sequence variant, genic upstream transcript variant, stop gained
rs72466562 C>A,T Pathogenic, uncertain-significance Stop gained, missense variant, genic downstream transcript variant, coding sequence variant, genic upstream transcript variant
rs72466563 G>A Likely-benign, conflicting-interpretations-of-pathogenicity Coding sequence variant, synonymous variant, genic upstream transcript variant, genic downstream transcript variant
rs72466567 C>T Conflicting-interpretations-of-pathogenicity Coding sequence variant, missense variant, genic upstream transcript variant, genic downstream transcript variant
miRNA miRNA information provided by mirtarbase database.
miRTarBase ID miRNA Experiments Reference
MIRT005060 hsa-let-7b-5p Microarray 17699775
MIRT005456 hsa-miR-31-5p Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, Western blot 21212803
MIRT020813 hsa-miR-155-5p Proteomics 18668040
MIRT030888 hsa-miR-21-5p Microarray 18591254
MIRT031761 hsa-miR-16-5p Proteomics 18668040
Transcription factors
Transcription factor Regulation Reference
SRF Unknown 9032300
Gene ontology (GO) Gene ontology information of associated ontologies with gene provided by GO database.
GO ID Ontology Definition Evidence Reference
GO:0002027 Process Regulation of heart rate IMP 19027585
GO:0002162 Function Dystroglycan binding IPI 7592992
GO:0003779 Function Actin binding IDA 16803572
GO:0003779 Function Actin binding IEA
GO:0003779 Function Actin binding TAS 12376554
Other IDs Other ids provides unique ids of gene in databases such as OMIM, HGNC, ENSEMBLE.
MIM HGNC e!Ensembl
300377 2928 ENSG00000198947
Protein
UniProt ID P11532
Protein name Dystrophin
Protein function Anchors the extracellular matrix to the cytoskeleton via F-actin. Ligand for dystroglycan. Component of the dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex which accumulates at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) and at a variety of synapses in the peri
PDB 1DXX , 1EG3 , 1EG4 , 3UUN , 9D58
Family and domains

Pfam

Accession ID Position in sequence Description Type
PF00307 CH 15 120 Calponin homology (CH) domain Domain
PF00307 CH 134 241 Calponin homology (CH) domain Domain
PF00435 Spectrin 339 447 Spectrin repeat Domain
PF00435 Spectrin 448 556 Spectrin repeat Domain
PF00435 Spectrin 721 828 Spectrin repeat Domain
PF00435 Spectrin 830 934 Spectrin repeat Domain
PF00435 Spectrin 942 1045 Spectrin repeat Domain
PF00435 Spectrin 1048 1154 Spectrin repeat Domain
PF00435 Spectrin 1157 1263 Spectrin repeat Domain
PF00435 Spectrin 1571 1676 Spectrin repeat Domain
PF00435 Spectrin 1679 1778 Spectrin repeat Domain
PF00435 Spectrin 1877 1979 Spectrin repeat Domain
PF00435 Spectrin 1998 2100 Spectrin repeat Domain
PF00435 Spectrin 2104 2208 Spectrin repeat Domain
PF00435 Spectrin 2211 2318 Spectrin repeat Domain
PF00435 Spectrin 2471 2577 Spectrin repeat Domain
PF00435 Spectrin 2580 2686 Spectrin repeat Domain
PF00435 Spectrin 2689 2802 Spectrin repeat Domain
PF00435 Spectrin 2934 3040 Spectrin repeat Domain
PF00397 WW 3057 3086 WW domain Domain
PF09068 EF-hand_2 3089 3207 EF hand Domain
PF09069 EF-hand_3 3211 3302 EF-hand Domain
PF00569 ZZ 3307 3352 Zinc finger, ZZ type Domain
Tissue specificity TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in muscle fibers accumulating in the costameres of myoplasm at the sarcolemma. Expressed in brain, muscle, kidney, lung and testis. Most tissues contain transcripts of multiple isoforms. Isoform 15: Only isoform to be detecte
Sequence
MLWWEEVEDCYEREDVQKKTFTKWVNAQFSKFGKQHIENLFSDLQDGRRLLDLLEGLTGQ
KLPKEKGSTRVHALNNVNKALRVLQNNNVDLVNIGSTDIVDGNHKLTLGLIWNIILHWQV

KNVMKNIMAGLQQTNSEKILLSWVRQSTRNYPQVNVINFTTSWSDGLALNALIHSHRPDL
FDWNSVVCQQSATQRLEHAFNIARYQLGIEKLLDPEDVDTTYPDKKSILMYITSLFQVLP
Q
QVSIEAIQEVEMLPRPPKVTKEEHFQLHHQMHYSQQITVSLAQGYERTSSPKPRFKSYA
YTQAAYVTTSDPTRSPFPSQHLEAPEDKSFGSSLMESEVNLDRYQTALEEVLSWLLSAED
TLQAQGEISNDVEVVKDQFHTHEGYMMDLTAHQGRVGNILQLGSKLIGTGKLSEDEETEV
QEQMNLLNSRWECLRVASMEKQSNLHR
VLMDLQNQKLKELNDWLTKTEERTRKMEEEPLG
PDLEDLKRQVQQHKVLQEDLEQEQVRVNSLTHMVVVVDESSGDHATAALEEQLKVLGDRW
ANICRWTEDRWVLLQD
ILLKWQRLTEEQCLFSAWLSEKEDAVNKIHTTGFKDQNEMLSSL
QKLAVLKADLEKKKQSMGKLYSLKQDLLSTLKNKSVTQKTEAWLDNFARCWDNLVQKLEK
STAQISQAVTTTQPSLTQTTVMETVTTVTTREQILVKHAQEELPPPPPQKKRQITVDSEI
RKRLDVDITELHSWITRSEAVLQSPEFAIFRKEGNFSDLKEKVNAIEREKAEKFRKLQDA
SRSAQALVEQMVNEGVNADSIKQASEQLNSRWIEFCQLLSERLNWLEY
QNNIIAFYNQLQ
QLEQMTTTAENWLKIQPTTPSEPTAIKSQLKICKDEVNRLSDLQPQIERLKIQSIALKEK
GQGPMFLDADFVAFTNHFKQVFSDVQAREKELQT
IFDTLPPMRYQETMSAIRTWVQQSET
KLSIPQLSVTDYEIMEQRLGELQALQSSLQEQQSGLYYLSTTVKEMSKKAPSEISRKYQS
EFEEIEGRWKKLSSQLVEHCQKLEE
QMNKLRKIQNHIQTLKKWMAEVDVFLKEEWPALGD
SEILKKQLKQCRLLVSDIQTIQPSLNSVNEGGQKIKNEAEPEFASRLETELKELNTQWDH
MCQQVYARKEALKG
GLEKTVSLQKDLSEMHEWMTQAEEEYLERDFEYKTPDELQKAVEEM
KRAKEEAQQKEAKVKLLTESVNSVIAQAPPVAQEALKKELETLTTNYQWLCTRLNGKCKT
LEE
VWACWHELLSYLEKANKWLNEVEFKLKTTENIPGGAEEISEVLDSLENLMRHSEDNP
NQIRILAQTLTDGGVMDELINEELETFNSRWRELHEEAVRRQKLLEQSIQSAQETEKSLH
LIQESLTFIDKQLAAYIADKVDAAQMPQEAQKIQSDLTSHEISLEEMKKHNQGKEAAQRV
LSQIDVAQKKLQDVSMKFRLFQKPANFEQRLQESKMILDEVKMHLPALETKSVEQEVVQS
QLNHCVNLYKSLSEVKSEVEMVIKTGRQIVQKKQTENPKELDERVTALKLHYNELGAKVT
ERKQQLEKCLKLSRKMRKEMNVLTEWLAATDMELTKRSAVEGMPSNLDSEVAWGKATQKE
IEKQKVHLKSITEVGEALKTVLGKKETLVEDKLSLLNSNWIAVTSRAEEWLNLLLE
YQKH
METFDQNVDHITKWIIQADTLLDESEKKKPQQKEDVLKRLKAELNDIRPKVDSTRDQAAN
LMANRGDHCRKLVEPQISELNHRFAAISHRIKTGKASI
PLKELEQFNSDIQKLLEPLEAE
IQQGVNLKEEDFNKDMNEDNEGTVKELLQRGDNLQQRITDERKREEIKIKQQLLQTKHNA
LKDLRSQRRKKALEISHQWYQYKRQADDLLKCLDDIEKKLASLPEPRDERKIKEIDRELQ
KKKEELNAVRRQAEGLSEDGAAMAVEPTQIQLSKRWREIESKFAQFRRLNFAQIHTVRE
E
TMMVMTEDMPLEISYVPSTYLTEITHVSQALLEVEQLLNAPDLCAKDFEDLFKQEESLKN
IKDSLQQSSGRIDIIHSKKTAALQSATPVERVKLQEALSQLDFQWEKVNKMYKDRQGRFD

RSVEKWRRFHYDIKIFNQWLTEAEQFLRKTQIPENWEHAKYKWYLKELQDGIGQRQTVVR
TLNATGEEIIQQSSKTDASILQEKLGSLNLRWQEVCKQLSDRKKRLEE
QKNILSEFQRDL
NEFVLWLEEADNIASIPLEPGKEQQLKEKLEQVKLLVEELPLRQGILKQLNETGGPVLVS
APISPEEQDKLENKLKQTNLQWIKVSRALPEKQGEIEA
QIKDLGQLEKKLEDLEEQLNHL
LLWLSPIRNQLEIYNQPNQEGPFDVKETEIAVQAKQPDVEEILSKGQHLYKEKPATQPVK
RKLEDLSSEWKAVNRLLQELRAKQPDLAPGLTTIGASPTQTVTLVTQPVVTKETAISKLE
MPSSLMLEVPALADFNRAWTELTDWLSLLDQVIKSQRVMVGDLEDINEMIIKQKATMQDL
EQRRPQLEELITAAQNLKNKTSNQEARTIITDRIERIQNQWDEVQEHLQNRRQQLNE
MLK
DSTQWLEAKEEAEQVLGQARAKLESWKEGPYTVDAIQKKITETKQLAKDLRQWQTNVDVA
NDLALKLLRDYSADDTRKVHMITENINASWRSIHKRVSEREAALEE
THRLLQQFPLDLEK
FLAWLTEAETTANVLQDATRKERLLEDSKGVKELMKQWQDLQGEIEAHTDVYHNLDENSQ
KILRSLEGSDDAVLLQRRLDNMNFKWSELRKKSLNIRSHLEA
SSDQWKRLHLSLQELLVW
LQLKDDELSRQAPIGGDFPAVQKQNDVHRAFKRELKTKEPVIMSTLETVRIFLTEQPLEG
LEKLYQEPRELPPEERAQNVTRLLRKQAEEVNTEWEKLNLHSADWQRKIDETLERLQELQ
EATDELDLKLRQAEVIKGSWQPVGDLLIDSLQDHLEKVKALRGEIAPLKENVSHVNDLAR
QLTTLGIQLSPYNLSTLEDLNTRWKLLQVAVEDRVRQLHE
AHRDFGPASQHFLSTSVQGP
WERAISPNKVPYYINHETQTTCWDHP
KMTELYQSLADLNNVRFSAYRTAMKLRRLQKALC
LDLLSLSAACDALDQHNLKQNDQPMDILQIINCLTTIYDRLEQEHNNLVNVPLCVDMCLN
WLLNVYDTGRTGRIRVLSFKTGIISLC
KAHLEDKYRYLFKQVASSTGFCDQRRLGLLLHD
SIQIPRQLGEVASFGGSNIEPSVRSCFQFANNKPEIEAALFLDWMRLEPQSMVWLPVLHR
VA
AAETAKHQAKCNICKECPIIGFRYRSLKHFNYDICQSCFFSGRVAKGHKMHYPMVEYC
TPTTSGEDVRDFAKVLKNKFRTKRYFAKHPRMGYLPVQTVLEGDNMETPVTLINFWPVDS
APASSPQLSHDDTHSRIEHYASRLAEMENSNGSYLNDSISPNESIDDEHLLIQHYCQSLN
QDSPLSQPRSPAQILISLESEERGELERILADLEEENRNLQAEYDRLKQQHEHKGLSPLP
SPPEMMPTSPQSPRDAELIAEAKLLRQHKGRLEARMQILEDHNKQLESQLHRLRQLLEQP
QAEAKVNGTTVSSPSTSLQRSDSSQPMLLRVVGSQTSDSMGEEDLLSPPQDTSTGLEEVM
EQLNNSFPSSRGRNTPGKPMREDTM
Sequence length 3685
Interactions View interactions
Pathways Pathway information has different metabolic/signaling pathways associated with genes.
  KEGG   Reactome
  Cytoskeleton in muscle cells
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy
Dilated cardiomyopathy
Viral myocarditis
  Striated Muscle Contraction
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Associated diseases Disease associations categorized as Causal (pathogenic variants), Unknown (uncertain genetic evidence), or Text Mining (literature-based associations)
Causal Diseases caused by PATHOGENIC or LIKELY PATHOGENIC variants from ClinVar only
Disease merge term Disease name dbSNP ID References
Becker Muscular Dystrophy becker muscular dystrophy rs886042840, rs398124002, rs1064796764, rs727503864, rs1557380616, rs886043375, rs779739455, rs1569563740, rs1569564916, rs398124099, rs1556875224, rs796065325, rs1569546198, rs1603636537, rs398123954
View all (35 more)
N/A
Dilated Cardiomyopathy Dilated cardiomyopathy 3B rs398123839, rs398122853, rs104894797, rs886042604, rs398123828, rs794726993, rs398123909, rs398123981, rs1603222556, rs1057518962, rs863224999, rs373286166, rs1057518834, rs128627255, rs398123923 N/A
Duchenne And Becker Muscular Dystrophy duchenne and becker muscular dystrophy rs794727661, rs1556930579 N/A
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy duchenne muscular dystrophy rs1602456486, rs863225012, rs398122853, rs1603635953, rs1060502643, rs398124099, rs1557315928, rs1603632312, rs182575709, rs128626239, rs1603632326, rs1569560739, rs1603445344, rs863224981, rs398123892
View all (641 more)
N/A
Unknown Includes: (1) ClinVar NON-pathogenic variants (Uncertain, Benign, Conflicting, VUS), (2) GenCC associations, (3) GWAS associations, (4) CBGDA evidence-based associations. NOTE: Diseases with pathogenic evidence are excluded to avoid conflicts.
Disease merge term Disease name Evidence References Source
arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy N/A N/A ClinVar
Breast Cancer Breast cancer specific mortality in estrogen receptor negative breast cancer, Breast cancer N/A N/A GWAS
Cardiomyopathy left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy, Primary dilated cardiomyopathy, Primary familial dilated cardiomyopathy N/A N/A ClinVar
cardiomyopathy Cardiomyopathy N/A N/A ClinVar
Associations from Text Mining Disease associations identified through Pubtator
Disease Name Relationship Type References
Acute Disease Associate 18061067
Addison Disease Associate 27087023
Adrenal Hyperplasia Congenital Associate 1737859
Adrenal Insufficiency Associate 18762570
Adrenoleukodystrophy Associate 12354438
Agnosia Associate 22000308
Airway Obstruction Inhibit 39649544
Arrhythmias Cardiac Associate 26631896, 34050592, 37671549
Atrial Flutter Associate 15546999
Atrial Standstill Inhibit 15546999