Gene Details | GeDiPNet - Complete Gene Info, Disease Associations & Pathways

Gene Gene miRNA Gene ontology Other IDs Protein Pathways Associated diseases
Entrez ID Entrez Gene ID - the GENE ID in NCBI Gene database.	8862
Gene name Gene Name - the full gene name approved by the HGNC.	Apelin
Gene symbol Gene Symbol - the official gene symbol approved by the HGNC.	APLN
Synonyms (NCBI Gene) Gene synonyms aliases	APEL, XNPEP2
Chromosome Chromosome number	X
Chromosome location Chromosomal Location - indicates the cytogenetic location of the gene or region on the chromosome.	Xq26.1
Summary Summary of gene provided in NCBI Entrez Gene.	This gene encodes a peptide that functions as an endogenous ligand for the G-protein coupled apelin receptor. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed into biologically active C-terminal peptide fragments. These peptide fragments activate di

Show/Hide all(152)

miRTarBase ID	miRNA	Experiments	Reference
MIRT047924	hsa-miR-30c-5p	CLASH	23622248
MIRT046134	hsa-miR-30b-5p	CLASH	23622248
MIRT573091	hsa-miR-6729-3p	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT573092	hsa-miR-4286	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT573090	hsa-miR-361-3p	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT573089	hsa-miR-3127-3p	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT573088	hsa-miR-6756-3p	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT573086	hsa-miR-6734-3p	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT573087	hsa-miR-4662a-5p	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT573085	hsa-miR-4713-5p	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT573084	hsa-miR-6867-3p	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT573083	hsa-miR-629-3p	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT731163	hsa-miR-224-5p	Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, Microarray, Western blot	25532941
MIRT731163	hsa-miR-224-5p	Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, Microarray, Western blot	25532941
MIRT732457	hsa-miR-193b-5p	Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Luciferase reporter assay, Western blotting	32803505
MIRT733005	hsa-miR-124-3p	Luciferase reporter assay	32692577
MIRT734275	hsa-miR-424-5p	ELISA, Western blotting, Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR	32774725
MIRT734275	hsa-miR-424-5p	ELISA, Western blotting, Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR	32774725
MIRT734777	hsa-miR-182-5p	Luciferase reporter assay, Western blotting, qRT-PCR	32099369
MIRT573091	hsa-miR-6729-3p	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT573092	hsa-miR-4286	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT573090	hsa-miR-361-3p	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT573089	hsa-miR-3127-3p	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT573088	hsa-miR-6756-3p	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT573086	hsa-miR-6734-3p	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT573087	hsa-miR-4662a-5p	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT573085	hsa-miR-4713-5p	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT573084	hsa-miR-6867-3p	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT573083	hsa-miR-629-3p	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT789551	hsa-miR-103a	CLIP-seq
MIRT789552	hsa-miR-107	CLIP-seq
MIRT789553	hsa-miR-1207-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT789554	hsa-miR-15a	CLIP-seq
MIRT789555	hsa-miR-15b	CLIP-seq
MIRT789556	hsa-miR-16	CLIP-seq
MIRT789557	hsa-miR-195	CLIP-seq
MIRT789558	hsa-miR-296-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT789559	hsa-miR-3115	CLIP-seq
MIRT789560	hsa-miR-3155	CLIP-seq
MIRT789561	hsa-miR-3155b	CLIP-seq
MIRT789562	hsa-miR-3183	CLIP-seq
MIRT789563	hsa-miR-3675-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT789564	hsa-miR-424	CLIP-seq
MIRT789565	hsa-miR-4435	CLIP-seq
MIRT789566	hsa-miR-4488	CLIP-seq
MIRT789567	hsa-miR-4503	CLIP-seq
MIRT789568	hsa-miR-4524	CLIP-seq
MIRT789569	hsa-miR-4684-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT789570	hsa-miR-4697-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT789571	hsa-miR-4723-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT789572	hsa-miR-4749-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT789573	hsa-miR-484	CLIP-seq
MIRT789574	hsa-miR-486-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT789575	hsa-miR-497	CLIP-seq
MIRT789576	hsa-miR-503	CLIP-seq
MIRT789577	hsa-miR-646	CLIP-seq
MIRT789566	hsa-miR-4488	CLIP-seq
MIRT789570	hsa-miR-4697-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT789574	hsa-miR-486-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1555963	hsa-miR-125a-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1555964	hsa-miR-125b	CLIP-seq
MIRT1555965	hsa-miR-3136-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1555966	hsa-miR-3153	CLIP-seq
MIRT1555967	hsa-miR-4319	CLIP-seq
MIRT789566	hsa-miR-4488	CLIP-seq
MIRT1555968	hsa-miR-4493	CLIP-seq
MIRT1555969	hsa-miR-4697-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT789570	hsa-miR-4697-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1555970	hsa-miR-4732-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1555971	hsa-miR-670	CLIP-seq
MIRT1932910	hsa-miR-1237	CLIP-seq
MIRT1932911	hsa-miR-1248	CLIP-seq
MIRT1932912	hsa-miR-1287	CLIP-seq
MIRT1932913	hsa-miR-137	CLIP-seq
MIRT1932914	hsa-miR-1587	CLIP-seq
MIRT789554	hsa-miR-15a	CLIP-seq
MIRT789555	hsa-miR-15b	CLIP-seq
MIRT789556	hsa-miR-16	CLIP-seq
MIRT789557	hsa-miR-195	CLIP-seq
MIRT789558	hsa-miR-296-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT789562	hsa-miR-3183	CLIP-seq
MIRT1932915	hsa-miR-3667-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1932916	hsa-miR-3921	CLIP-seq
MIRT789564	hsa-miR-424	CLIP-seq
MIRT1932917	hsa-miR-4303	CLIP-seq
MIRT1932918	hsa-miR-4468	CLIP-seq
MIRT1932919	hsa-miR-4492	CLIP-seq
MIRT1932920	hsa-miR-4498	CLIP-seq
MIRT789567	hsa-miR-4503	CLIP-seq
MIRT1932921	hsa-miR-4522	CLIP-seq
MIRT1932922	hsa-miR-4653-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT789569	hsa-miR-4684-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1932923	hsa-miR-4714-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT789571	hsa-miR-4723-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT789572	hsa-miR-4749-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1932924	hsa-miR-4803	CLIP-seq
MIRT1932925	hsa-miR-483-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT789575	hsa-miR-497	CLIP-seq
MIRT789576	hsa-miR-503	CLIP-seq
MIRT1932926	hsa-miR-570	CLIP-seq
MIRT1932927	hsa-miR-628-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1932928	hsa-miR-668	CLIP-seq
MIRT1932929	hsa-miR-762	CLIP-seq
MIRT789551	hsa-miR-103a	CLIP-seq
MIRT789552	hsa-miR-107	CLIP-seq
MIRT2173058	hsa-miR-1252	CLIP-seq
MIRT2173059	hsa-miR-1321	CLIP-seq
MIRT2173060	hsa-miR-1910	CLIP-seq
MIRT2173061	hsa-miR-3166	CLIP-seq
MIRT2173062	hsa-miR-3184	CLIP-seq
MIRT2173063	hsa-miR-3915	CLIP-seq
MIRT2173064	hsa-miR-3928	CLIP-seq
MIRT2173065	hsa-miR-423-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2173066	hsa-miR-4270	CLIP-seq
MIRT2173067	hsa-miR-4436b-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2173068	hsa-miR-4441	CLIP-seq
MIRT2173069	hsa-miR-4476	CLIP-seq
MIRT789566	hsa-miR-4488	CLIP-seq
MIRT2173070	hsa-miR-4533	CLIP-seq
MIRT2173071	hsa-miR-455-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2173072	hsa-miR-4640-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2173073	hsa-miR-4685-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT789570	hsa-miR-4697-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2173074	hsa-miR-4726-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2173075	hsa-miR-4728-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2173076	hsa-miR-4739	CLIP-seq
MIRT2173077	hsa-miR-4756-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT789576	hsa-miR-503	CLIP-seq
MIRT789554	hsa-miR-15a	CLIP-seq
MIRT789555	hsa-miR-15b	CLIP-seq
MIRT789556	hsa-miR-16	CLIP-seq
MIRT789557	hsa-miR-195	CLIP-seq
MIRT789564	hsa-miR-424	CLIP-seq
MIRT789567	hsa-miR-4503	CLIP-seq
MIRT789575	hsa-miR-497	CLIP-seq
MIRT789576	hsa-miR-503	CLIP-seq
MIRT2443790	hsa-miR-138	CLIP-seq
MIRT1555965	hsa-miR-3136-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2443791	hsa-miR-3180	CLIP-seq
MIRT2443792	hsa-miR-3180-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2443793	hsa-miR-3196	CLIP-seq
MIRT2443794	hsa-miR-3646	CLIP-seq
MIRT2443795	hsa-miR-3652	CLIP-seq
MIRT2443796	hsa-miR-4260	CLIP-seq
MIRT2443797	hsa-miR-4299	CLIP-seq
MIRT2443798	hsa-miR-4308	CLIP-seq
MIRT2443799	hsa-miR-4430	CLIP-seq
MIRT2443800	hsa-miR-4464	CLIP-seq
MIRT2443801	hsa-miR-4505	CLIP-seq
MIRT2443802	hsa-miR-4748	CLIP-seq
MIRT789572	hsa-miR-4749-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2443803	hsa-miR-493	CLIP-seq

Show/Hide all(34)

GO ID	Ontology	Definition	Evidence	Reference
GO:0001525	Process	Angiogenesis	IEA
GO:0002026	Process	Regulation of the force of heart contraction	IEA
GO:0005102	Function	Signaling receptor binding	TAS	9792798
GO:0005179	Function	Hormone activity	IMP	28137936
GO:0005576	Component	Extracellular region	IDA	28137936
GO:0005576	Component	Extracellular region	TAS
GO:0005615	Component	Extracellular space	IBA	21873635
GO:0006955	Process	Immune response	TAS
GO:0007165	Process	Signal transduction	TAS	9792798
GO:0007186	Process	G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	TAS
GO:0007369	Process	Gastrulation	IEA
GO:0007595	Process	Lactation	TAS
GO:0010629	Process	Negative regulation of gene expression	IGI	23263626
GO:0016032	Process	Viral process	IEA
GO:0031652	Process	Positive regulation of heat generation	IEA
GO:0031704	Function	Apelin receptor binding	IDA	28137936
GO:0040037	Process	Negative regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway	IGI	23263626
GO:0042327	Process	Positive regulation of phosphorylation	IEA
GO:0042756	Process	Drinking behavior	ISS
GO:0042802	Function	Identical protein binding	IEA
GO:0043576	Process	Regulation of respiratory gaseous exchange	IEA
GO:0045776	Process	Negative regulation of blood pressure	ISS
GO:0045823	Process	Positive regulation of heart contraction	ISS
GO:0045906	Process	Negative regulation of vasoconstriction	IEA
GO:0048471	Component	Perinuclear region of cytoplasm	IEA
GO:0051461	Process	Positive regulation of corticotropin secretion	IEA
GO:0051466	Process	Positive regulation of corticotropin-releasing hormone secretion	IEA
GO:0060183	Process	Apelin receptor signaling pathway	IDA	11359874
GO:0060183	Process	Apelin receptor signaling pathway	IMP	28137936
GO:0060976	Process	Coronary vasculature development	ISS
GO:1902895	Process	Positive regulation of pri-miRNA transcription by RNA polymerase II	IDA	23263626
GO:1904022	Process	Positive regulation of G protein-coupled receptor internalization	IDA	11359874
GO:1904706	Process	Negative regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation	IMP	23263626
GO:1905564	Process	Positive regulation of vascular endothelial cell proliferation	IDA	23263626

MIM	HGNC	e!Ensembl
300297	16665	ENSG00000171388

Protein

UniProt ID

Q9ULZ1

Protein name

Apelin (APJ endogenous ligand) [Cleaved into: Apelin-36; Apelin-31; Apelin-28; Apelin-13]

Protein function

Peptide hormone that functions as endogenous ligand for the G-protein-coupled apelin receptor (APLNR/APJ), that plays a role in cadiovascular homeostasis (PubMed:10525157, PubMed:22810587, PubMed:35817871, PubMed:38428423). Functions as a balanc

PDB

8XQE , 8XQF , 8XZG , 8XZH , 8XZJ

Family and domains

Pfam

Accession	ID	Position in sequence	Description	Type
PF15360	Apelin	23 → 77	APJ endogenous ligand	Family

Tissue specificity

TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in the brain with highest levels in the frontal cortex, thalamus, hypothalamus and midbrain (PubMed:10617103). Secreted by the mammary gland into the colostrum and the milk. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10617103}.

Sequence

MNLRLCVQALLLLWLSLTAVCGGSLMPLPDGNGLEDGNVRHLVQPRGSRNGPGPWQGGRR
KFRRQRPRLSHKGPMPF

Sequence length

Interactions

View interactions

	KEGG		Reactome
	Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction Apelin signaling pathway		Peptide ligand-binding receptors G alpha (i) signalling events

Show/Hide Unknown Diseases (1)

Disease term	Disease name	Evidence	References	Source
Unknown
Heart failure	Heart Failure, Diastolic		29556499	ClinVar

Show/Hide Text Mining Associations (124)

Disease Name	Relationship Type	References
Associations from Text Mining
Acute Coronary Syndrome	Associate	28902642
Adenocarcinoma	Stimulate	36591713
Adenocarcinoma of Lung	Stimulate	24374773
Albuminuria	Associate	35748053
Alcohol Related Disorders	Associate	25918383
Alzheimer Disease	Associate	31816601
Anemia Sickle Cell	Associate	25486928
Angina Stable	Inhibit	19015606
Angina Stable	Associate	33881940
Arrhythmias Cardiac	Associate	29721104
Arterial Occlusive Diseases	Associate	25486928
Arthritis Rheumatoid	Associate	22927708
Atherosclerosis	Associate	20649580, 23438363
Atrial Fibrillation	Associate	29721104
Atrial Fibrillation	Inhibit	30518720
Breast Neoplasms	Associate	33972642
Carcinogenesis	Associate	36087034, 39227683, 40304310
Carcinoma Hepatocellular	Associate	24966992, 34636395, 35429302, 38114725, 39227683
Carcinoma Renal Cell	Associate	30783205, 32481352
Cardiomyopathies	Associate	28728608
Cardiovascular Diseases	Associate	20649580, 35748053
Carotid Stenosis	Associate	28944878
Cerebrovascular Disorders	Associate	35748053
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury	Associate	24966992
Chondrosarcoma	Associate	36614283
Colorectal Neoplasms	Associate	28487489
Congenital Hyperinsulinism	Stimulate	18390990
Conversion Disorder	Associate	35748053
Corneal Endothelial Cell Loss	Stimulate	39227683
Coronary Artery Disease	Stimulate	20649580
Coronary Artery Disease	Associate	23226564, 25592107, 28902642
Coronary Artery Disease	Inhibit	25729940
Coronary Disease	Associate	36980823
Coronary Stenosis	Associate	19015606
COVID 19	Associate	34916489, 36200913
Critical Illness	Associate	28902642
Diabetes Gestational	Associate	32208782
Diabetes Mellitus	Inhibit	24362107
Diabetes Mellitus	Associate	26295182
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2	Associate	23429279, 26295182, 26316706, 36481653
Disease	Associate	33881940
Disease Progression	Associate	33881940
Epiretinal Membrane	Associate	25324682
Esophageal and Gastric Varices	Associate	35895373
Esophageal Neoplasms	Associate	33794814, 35920446, 36588538
Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma	Associate	30640413
Fibrosis	Associate	24966992
Glaucoma Open Angle	Associate	34156425
Glioblastoma	Associate	31043429
Glioblastoma	Stimulate	36193059
Glioma	Associate	36193059
Growth Disorders	Associate	31382403
Heart Diseases	Associate	20649580, 25729940, 29721104, 31382403, 36239923
Heart Failure	Inhibit	16464638
Heart Failure	Associate	20649580, 25184296, 25993436
Heart Valve Diseases	Associate	30518720
Hemangioma	Associate	35501731
Hemangioma capillary infantile	Associate	35501731
Hepatitis C Chronic	Associate	24966992
HTLV I Infections	Associate	14675627
Hypercholesterolemia	Stimulate	26295182
Hypertension	Associate	23226564, 25143330, 25272042, 25539544, 27338090, 36481653
Hypertension	Inhibit	25272042, 25729940
Hypertension Pulmonary	Inhibit	30217946
Hypoxia	Stimulate	21448846, 24247107
Hypoxia	Associate	22895257, 32692577
Hypoxia Brain	Stimulate	21448846
Inflammation	Stimulate	24362107
Inflammation	Associate	36200913
Insulin Resistance	Associate	21775567, 26295182, 34660801, 36481653
Lipomatosis Multiple Symmetrical	Associate	28901441
Liver Cirrhosis	Associate	35895373
Liver Diseases	Associate	35895373
Lung Neoplasms	Associate	24374773, 36087034
Lymphatic Metastasis	Stimulate	30640413
Lymphoma Non Hodgkin	Stimulate	24966992, 36193059
Mental Retardation X Linked	Associate	21668950
Metabolic Diseases	Associate	23429279, 24362107
Myocardial Ischemia	Associate	25993436
Neoplasm Metastasis	Stimulate	30984306
Neoplasm Metastasis	Associate	35574028, 36591713
Neoplasms	Associate	23438363, 27733135, 30640413, 33881940, 36087034, 36614283, 36974534, 38561035
Neoplasms	Stimulate	23684136, 30984306, 36193059, 36591713
Non Muscle Invasive Bladder Neoplasms	Associate	30984306
Obesity	Stimulate	18390990, 26295182, 36481653
Obesity	Associate	21775567, 23429279, 23438363, 24362107, 30835509, 32998691, 33972642, 34371941, 34660801, 36189989, 37901192
Osteoarthritis	Associate	20652246, 32131466, 35069930
Osteoarthritis Knee	Associate	29945585
Pain	Associate	25486928, 29945585
Parkinson Disease	Stimulate	39273568
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome	Inhibit	21575945
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome	Stimulate	31382403, 31814467
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome	Associate	35701786, 36695944
Pre Eclampsia	Associate	23844873, 37995466
Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia	Associate	36591713
Prostatic Neoplasms	Associate	36591713
Prostatitis	Associate	36591713
Proteinuria	Associate	26295182
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension	Associate	30087215
Pulmonary Edema	Associate	25918383
Pulmonary edema of mountaineers	Associate	25918383, 32692577
Pulmonary Embolism	Associate	25693918
Renal Artery Obstruction	Associate	25272042
Renal Insufficiency Chronic	Associate	35748053
Retinal Artery Occlusion	Inhibit	25272042
Retinal Artery Occlusion	Associate	25272042
Sarcopenia	Associate	33743591
Simpson Golabi Behmel syndrome	Associate	21448846
ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction	Associate	28728608
Stomach Neoplasms	Associate	27733135, 36974534
Taste Disorders	Associate	28199472
Thrombosis	Associate	25298206
Thrombosis	Inhibit	30518720
Thyroid Nodule	Associate	24966992
Tibial Meniscus Injuries	Associate	35069930
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms	Stimulate	30984306
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms	Associate	33881940, 38561035
Varicose Veins	Associate	35895373
Vascular Calcification	Inhibit	21437254
Vascular Diseases	Associate	22895257, 22927708
Vascular System Injuries	Associate	25272042
Ventricular Dysfunction Left	Stimulate	31533725
Virus Diseases	Associate	36200913
Weight Loss	Inhibit	23429279

APLN (apelin)