TDO2 (tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase)

Gene

• Entrez ID: 6999
• Gene name: Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase
• Gene symbol: TDO2
• Synonyms (NCBI Gene): HYPTRP, TDO, TO, TPH2, TRPO
• Chromosome: 4
• Chromosome location: 4q32.1
• Summary: This gene encodes a heme enzyme that plays a critical role in tryptophan metabolism by catalyzing the first and rate-limiting step of the kynurenine pathway. Increased activity of the encoded protein and subsequent kynurenine production may also play a ro

SNPs

SNP ID	Visualize variation	Clinical significance	Consequence
rs767123432	->A	Pathogenic	Coding sequence variant, frameshift variant
rs1553957997	G>C	Pathogenic	Coding sequence variant, missense variant

miRNA

miRTarBase ID	miRNA	Experiments	Reference
MIRT2347492	hsa-miR-4272	CLIP-seq
MIRT2347493	hsa-miR-4719	CLIP-seq
MIRT2347494	hsa-miR-4742-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2347495	hsa-miR-548g	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640430	hsa-miR-1245	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640431	hsa-miR-1264	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640432	hsa-miR-1266	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640433	hsa-miR-140-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640434	hsa-miR-155	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640435	hsa-miR-3166	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640436	hsa-miR-323-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640437	hsa-miR-338-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640438	hsa-miR-3647-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640439	hsa-miR-3655	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640440	hsa-miR-3664-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640441	hsa-miR-3678-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640442	hsa-miR-376a	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640443	hsa-miR-376b	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640444	hsa-miR-3907	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640445	hsa-miR-409-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2347492	hsa-miR-4272	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640446	hsa-miR-4474-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640447	hsa-miR-450b-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640448	hsa-miR-4518	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640449	hsa-miR-4668-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2347493	hsa-miR-4719	CLIP-seq
MIRT2347494	hsa-miR-4742-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640450	hsa-miR-4771	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640451	hsa-miR-4777-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640452	hsa-miR-494	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640453	hsa-miR-507	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640454	hsa-miR-518d-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640455	hsa-miR-519b-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640456	hsa-miR-519c-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640457	hsa-miR-520c-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640458	hsa-miR-526a	CLIP-seq
MIRT2347495	hsa-miR-548g	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640459	hsa-miR-557	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640460	hsa-miR-586	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640461	hsa-miR-630	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640435	hsa-miR-3166	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640437	hsa-miR-338-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640438	hsa-miR-3647-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640441	hsa-miR-3678-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640442	hsa-miR-376a	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640443	hsa-miR-376b	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640444	hsa-miR-3907	CLIP-seq
MIRT2692861	hsa-miR-3929	CLIP-seq
MIRT2347492	hsa-miR-4272	CLIP-seq
MIRT2692862	hsa-miR-4419b	CLIP-seq
MIRT2692863	hsa-miR-4478	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640447	hsa-miR-450b-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640449	hsa-miR-4668-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2347493	hsa-miR-4719	CLIP-seq
MIRT2347494	hsa-miR-4742-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640450	hsa-miR-4771	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640451	hsa-miR-4777-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640453	hsa-miR-507	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640454	hsa-miR-518d-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640455	hsa-miR-519b-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640456	hsa-miR-519c-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640457	hsa-miR-520c-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640458	hsa-miR-526a	CLIP-seq
MIRT2347495	hsa-miR-548g	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640459	hsa-miR-557	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640460	hsa-miR-586	CLIP-seq
MIRT2640461	hsa-miR-630	CLIP-seq

Transcription factors

Transcription factor	Regulation	Reference
YY1	Unknown	10580097

Gene ontology (GO)

GO ID	Ontology	Definition	Evidence	Reference
GO:0004833	Function	Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase activity	IBA
GO:0004833	Function	Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase activity	IDA	27762317, 28285122
GO:0004833	Function	Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase activity	IEA
GO:0004833	Function	Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase activity	TAS	8666386
GO:0005515	Function	Protein binding	IPI	16189514, 24722188, 25416956, 25910212, 28514442, 31515488, 32296183, 32814053, 33961781
GO:0005829	Component	Cytosol	TAS
GO:0006568	Process	L-tryptophan metabolic process	IEA
GO:0006569	Process	L-tryptophan catabolic process	IEA
GO:0016491	Function	Oxidoreductase activity	IEA
GO:0016597	Function	Amino acid binding	IEA
GO:0019441	Process	L-tryptophan catabolic process to kynurenine	IDA	27762317
GO:0019441	Process	L-tryptophan catabolic process to kynurenine	IEA
GO:0019442	Process	L-tryptophan catabolic process to acetyl-CoA	IBA
GO:0019442	Process	L-tryptophan catabolic process to acetyl-CoA	IEA
GO:0019825	Function	Oxygen binding	IEA
GO:0020037	Function	Heme binding	IBA
GO:0020037	Function	Heme binding	IDA	27762317, 28285122
GO:0020037	Function	Heme binding	IEA
GO:0042802	Function	Identical protein binding	IPI	24722188, 25416956, 32296183
GO:0046872	Function	Metal ion binding	IEA
GO:0051213	Function	Dioxygenase activity	IEA
GO:0051289	Process	Protein homotetramerization	IDA	27762317, 28285122
GO:1904842	Process	Response to nitroglycerin	IEA

Other IDs

• MIM: 191070
• HGNC: 11708
• e!Ensembl: ENSG00000151790

Protein

• UniProt ID: P48775
• Protein name: Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) (EC 1.13.11.11) (Tryptamin 2,3-dioxygenase) (Tryptophan oxygenase) (TO) (TRPO) (Tryptophan pyrrolase) (Tryptophanase)
• Protein function: Heme-dependent dioxygenase that catalyzes the oxidative cleavage of the L-tryptophan (L-Trp) pyrrole ring and converts L-tryptophan to N-formyl-L-kynurenine. Catalyzes the oxidative cleavage of the indole moiety. {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_03020
• PDB: 4PW8, 5TI9, 5TIA, 6A4I, 6PYY, 6PYZ, 6UD5, 6VBN, 7LU7, 7UI3, 8QV7, 8R5Q, 8R5R, 8VTQ, 8VUG, 8VZV, 8W1H, 8W2K, 9AT2, 9B17, 9B1Q, 9EZJ
• Family and domains:

  Pfam

  Accession	ID	Position in sequence	Description	Type
  PF03301	Trp_dioxygenase	26 → 372	Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase	Family

• Sequence:

  MSGCPFLGNNFGYTFKKLPVEGSEEDKSQTGVNRASKGGLIYGNYLHLEKVLNAQELQSE
  TKGNKIHDEHLFIITHQAYELWFKQILWELDSVREIFQNGHVRDERNMLKVVSRMHRVSV
  ILKLLVQQFSILETMTALDFNDFREYLSPASGFQSLQFRLLENKIGVLQNMRVPYNRRHY
  RDNFKGEENELLLKSEQEKTLLELVEAWLERTPGLEPHGFNFWGKLEKNITRGLEEEFIR
  IQAKEESEEKEEQVAEFQKQKEVLLSLFDEKRHEHLLSKGERRLSYRALQGALMIYFYRE
  EPRFQVPFQLLTSLMDIDSLMTKWRYNHVCMVHRMLGSKAGTGGSSGYHYLRSTVSDRYK
  VFVDLFNLSTYLIPRHWIPKMNPTIHKFLYTAEYCDSSYFSSDESD

• Sequence length: 406

Pathways

KEGG:

Tryptophan metabolism
Metabolic pathways
Biosynthesis of cofactors

Reactome:

Tryptophan catabolism

Associated diseases

Evidence Score:

• ★☆☆☆☆  Gene-disease association found in Text Mining only
• ★★☆☆☆  Found in Text Mining and Unknown/Other Associations
• ★★★☆☆  Reported in Unknown/Other Associations across ≥2 Sources
• ★★★★☆  ClinVar: Pathogenic/Likely Pathogenic (<5 Variants)
• ★★★★★  ClinVar: Pathogenic/Likely Pathogenic (≥5 Variants)

Unknown / Other Associations
Phenotype Name	Clinical Significance	Source	Evidence Score
AUTISTIC DISORDER	—	CTD, Disgenet CTD, Disgenet	★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
BIPOLAR DISORDER	—	Disgenet	★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Familial hypertryptophanemia	no classifications from unflagged records	ClinVar ClinGen, ClinVar, Disgenet, GWAS catalog ClinGen, ClinVar, Disgenet, GWAS catalog	★★★☆☆ Reported in Unknown/Other Associations (≥2 sources)
GILLES DE LA TOURETTE SYNDROME	—	Disgenet	★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
HYPERTRYPTOPHANEMIA	—	HPO, Orphanet HPO, Orphanet	★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER	—	Disgenet	★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
NONORGANIC PSYCHOSIS	—	Disgenet	★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS	—	Disgenet	★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
SCHIZOPHRENIA	—	Disgenet	★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
SCHIZOPHRENIA 1	—	Disgenet	★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
TDO2-related disorder	Likely benign; Benign	ClinVar	★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
UNIPOLAR DEPRESSION	—	Disgenet	★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations

Associations from Text Mining
Disease Name	Disease (Merged)	Source	PMID	Relationship Type	Evidence Score
Anxiety	Anxiety Disorder	BEFREE	31753057		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Anxiety Disorders	Anxiety Disorder	BEFREE	31753057		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Arteriosclerosis	Arteriosclerosis	BEFREE	31637003		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Atherosclerosis	Atherosclerosis	BEFREE	31637003		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Autistic Disorder	Autism	BEFREE	14755447		★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Autistic Disorder	Autism	LHGDN	14755447		★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Autistic Disorder	Autism	CTD_human_DG	14755447		★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Autoimmune Diseases	Autoimmune Diseases	BEFREE	28117398		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Behavior Disorders	Behavior Disorders	BEFREE	2004780, 23558111, 2389798		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Bipolar Disorder	Bipolar Disorder	BEFREE	16448631		★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Bipolar Disorder	Bipolar Disorder	PSYGENET_DG	21085052, 21396719, 21438144, 24196946, 25152196		★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Brain Neoplasms	Brain Neoplasms	BEFREE	21976023		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Breast Carcinoma	Breast Carcinoma	BEFREE	26363006, 30134247, 30143553		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Breast Neoplasms	Breast neoplasm	Pubtator	27573671, 30143553	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Carcinoma	Carcinoma	BEFREE	31806639		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Carcinoma Basal Cell	Basal cell carcinoma	Pubtator	29938775	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Carcinoma Hepatocellular	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Pubtator	32532962, 34557456	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Carcinoma of lung	Lung carcinoma	BEFREE	27050278		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Carcinoma Renal Cell	Renal cell carcinoma	Pubtator	33410234, 34174844, 36216827	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Carcinoma Renal Cell	Renal cell carcinoma	Pubtator	38183155	Stimulate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Carcinoma, Basal Cell	Carcinoma	BEFREE	29938775		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Central nervous system demyelination	Central Nervous System Demyelination	BEFREE	28117398		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
cervical cancer	Cervical Cancer	BEFREE	31412167		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Cervix carcinoma	Cervix carcinoma	BEFREE	31412167		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Cognition Disorders	Cognitive disorder	BEFREE	31753057		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Colorectal Neoplasms	Colorectal neoplasm	Pubtator	27578919, 35537038	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Depressive disorder	Mental Depression	BEFREE	28951145, 30014175, 30526149		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Diabetes	Diabetes	BEFREE	30014175		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Diabetes Mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus	BEFREE	30014175		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Esophageal carcinoma	Esophageal Carcinoma	BEFREE	30134247		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Esophageal Neoplasms	Esophagus Neoplasm	BEFREE	30134247		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Esophagitis	Esotropia	Pubtator	12528120	Inhibit	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Familial hypertryptophanemia	Hypertryptophanemia	BEFREE	28285122		★★★☆☆ Reported in Unknown/Other Associations (≥2 sources)
Familial hypertryptophanemia	Hypertryptophanemia	UNIPROT_DG	28285122		★★★☆☆ Reported in Unknown/Other Associations (≥2 sources)
Familial hypertryptophanemia	Hypertryptophanemia	ORPHANET_DG	28285122		★★★☆☆ Reported in Unknown/Other Associations (≥2 sources)
Fibrosis, Liver	Liver Fibrosis	BEFREE	31781097		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
GATA2 Deficiency	Gata2 deficiency	Pubtator	37148546	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Gilles de la Tourette syndrome	Tourette Syndrome	BEFREE	2063922, 2389798, 7864272, 8873217		★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Glioblastoma	Glioblastoma	BEFREE	26651356, 31806639		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Glioblastoma	Glioblastoma	Pubtator	26651356, 31866995, 32117235, 32477324	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Glioblastoma Multiforme	Glioblastoma	BEFREE	26651356		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Glioma	Glioma	Pubtator	32477324	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Hypertension Pulmonary	Pulmonary hypertension	Pubtator	12528120	Stimulate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Hypertension Pulmonary	Pulmonary hypertension	Pubtator	37786941	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Hypertensive disease	Hypertension	BEFREE	28165296		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Hypertryptophanemia	Hypertryptophanemia	Orphanet			★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Hypertryptophanemia Familial	Hypertryptophanemia	Pubtator	28285122	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Hypoxia	Hypoxia	Pubtator	31866995	Inhibit	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Impaired cognition	Impaired Cognition	BEFREE	31753057		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases	Inflammatory bowel disease	Pubtator	34948292	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Leiomyoma	Leiomyoma	Pubtator	34116832, 35715314, 36375056, 37607000	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Liver carcinoma	Liver carcinoma	BEFREE	31445192, 31806639		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Lung Diseases Interstitial	Lung disease	Pubtator	12528120	Stimulate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous	Lymphoma	BEFREE	28405495		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Machado-Joseph Disease	Machado-Joseph Disease	BEFREE	28223212		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Major Depressive Disorder	Mental Depression	BEFREE	16448631, 17692928, 30519155		★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Major Depressive Disorder	Mental Depression	PSYGENET_DG	23336047, 23467366, 24196946, 24376086, 26057341		★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Malignant neoplasm of breast	Breast Cancer	BEFREE	26363006, 30134247, 30143553, 30213797		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Malignant neoplasm of esophagus	Esophagus Neoplasm	BEFREE	30134247		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Malignant neoplasm of lung	Lung Cancer	BEFREE	27050278		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Malignant Neoplasms	Malignant Neoplasm	BEFREE	27050278, 28357780, 29254698, 30014175, 30134247, 30321802, 30526149, 30760888, 31795096, 31802183, 31830637		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Malignant tumor of cervix	Cervical Tumor	BEFREE	31412167		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Melanoma	Melanoma	Pubtator	32776284	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Meningioma	Meningioma	Pubtator	26092774	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Meningioma	Meningioma	BEFREE	31177425		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Mental Depression	Mental Depression	BEFREE	28951145, 30014175, 30526149		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Mental disorders	Mental Disorders	BEFREE	10580097, 8873217		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Merkel cell carcinoma	Merkel cell carcinoma	BEFREE	30240768		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Miscarriage	Miscarriage	BEFREE	26511909		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Multiple Sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis	BEFREE	28117398		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Neoplasms	Neoplasms	BEFREE	25415278, 26651356, 28245795, 28511073, 29063609, 29254698, 29433203, 29667084, 30010674, 30134247, 30240768, 30952082, 31177425, 31512038, 31806638		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Neurodegenerative Disorders	Neurodegenerative Disorders	BEFREE	30321802, 30526149, 30760888		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Nonorganic psychosis	Nonorganic Psychosis	BEFREE	16448631		★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Nonorganic psychosis	Nonorganic Psychosis	PSYGENET_DG	16448631		★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Osteoarthritis	Osteoarthritis	Pubtator	35733134	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Ovarian Neoplasms	Ovarian neoplasm	Pubtator	33846800	Stimulate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Ovarian Neoplasms	Ovarian neoplasm	Pubtator	38062922	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder	Stress Disorder	BEFREE	25451452		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Prostatic Neoplasms	Prostatic neoplasm	Pubtator	28027300	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Psychotic Disorders	Psychosis	BEFREE	16448631		★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Psychotic Disorders	Psychosis	PSYGENET_DG	16448631		★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension	Pulmonary arterial hypertension	Pubtator	37786941	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Schizophrenia	Schizophrenia	BEFREE	16448631, 19502010		★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Schizophrenia	Schizophrenia	PSYGENET_DG	16448631		★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
SCHIZOPHRENIA 1 (disorder)	Schizophrenia	PSYGENET_DG	16448631		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Scleroderma Diffuse	Scleroderma	Pubtator	12528120	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Scleroderma Systemic	Systemic sclerosis	Pubtator	12528120	Stimulate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Senile Plaques	Senile Plaques	BEFREE	23630570		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus	Esophagus Neoplasm	BEFREE	30134247		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Stomach Neoplasms	Stomach neoplasms	Pubtator	36430322	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Testicular Germ Cell Tumor	Testicular germ cell tumor	Pubtator	36118672	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms	Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms	BEFREE	26363006, 30143553, 30213797		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms	Triple negative breast cancer	Pubtator	30143553	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms	Triple negative breast cancer	Pubtator	30213797	Stimulate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Unipolar Depression	Mental Depression	BEFREE	16448631, 17692928, 30519155		★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Unipolar Depression	Mental Depression	PSYGENET_DG	23336047, 23467366, 24196946, 24376086, 26057341		★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms	Urinary bladder neoplasms	Pubtator	34101386	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms	Urinary bladder neoplasms	Pubtator	38552852	Stimulate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms	Uterine neoplasm	Pubtator	31412167	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Vascular System Injuries	Vascular system injury	Pubtator	12528120	Inhibit	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only