AZU1 (azurocidin 1)

Gene

• Entrez ID: 566
• Gene name: Azurocidin 1
• Gene symbol: AZU1
• Synonyms (NCBI Gene): AZAMP, AZU, CAP37, HBP, HUMAZUR, NAZC, hHBP
• Chromosome: 19
• Chromosome location: 19p13.3
• Summary: Azurophil granules, specialized lysosomes of the neutrophil, contain at least 10 proteins implicated in the killing of microorganisms. This gene encodes a preproprotein that is proteolytically processed to generate a mature azurophil granule antibiotic pr

Gene ontology (GO)

GO ID	Ontology	Definition	Evidence	Reference
GO:0001774	Process	Microglial cell activation	IEP	12465046
GO:0004252	Function	Serine-type endopeptidase activity	IBA
GO:0004252	Function	Serine-type endopeptidase activity	IEA
GO:0005515	Function	Protein binding	IPI	11994286
GO:0005576	Component	Extracellular region	NAS	11861296
GO:0005576	Component	Extracellular region	TAS
GO:0005615	Component	Extracellular space	IBA
GO:0005615	Component	Extracellular space	IDA	15879141, 25645918
GO:0006508	Process	Proteolysis	IDA	21550830
GO:0006508	Process	Proteolysis	IEA
GO:0006935	Process	Chemotaxis	IEA
GO:0006954	Process	Inflammatory response	NAS	12678126
GO:0007200	Process	Phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	TAS	12465046
GO:0008201	Function	Heparin binding	IEA
GO:0008201	Function	Heparin binding	IMP	11994286
GO:0008233	Function	Peptidase activity	IDA	21550830
GO:0008347	Process	Glial cell migration	IDA	12465046
GO:0015643	Function	Toxic substance binding	NAS	10534120
GO:0016020	Component	Membrane	IDA	2312733
GO:0016020	Component	Membrane	IEA
GO:0019730	Process	Antimicrobial humoral response	IMP	11994286
GO:0032724	Process	Positive regulation of fractalkine production	IDA	12465046
GO:0032731	Process	Positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production	IDA	12465046
GO:0032760	Process	Positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production	IDA	12465046
GO:0035556	Process	Intracellular signal transduction	IMP	24008408
GO:0035577	Component	Azurophil granule membrane	IDA	2312733
GO:0035578	Component	Azurophil granule lumen	TAS
GO:0035696	Process	Monocyte extravasation	IDA	15879141
GO:0042117	Process	Monocyte activation	TAS	12465046
GO:0042582	Component	Azurophil granule	IDA	11861296
GO:0042742	Process	Defense response to bacterium	IEA
GO:0043066	Process	Negative regulation of apoptotic process	NAS	10510329
GO:0043114	Process	Regulation of vascular permeability	NAS	11861296
GO:0043395	Function	Heparan sulfate proteoglycan binding	IDA	15879141
GO:0045123	Process	Cellular extravasation	NAS	11861296
GO:0045348	Process	Positive regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process	IEP	12465046
GO:0045785	Process	Positive regulation of cell adhesion	IDA	12826073
GO:0048246	Process	Macrophage chemotaxis	NAS	1919011
GO:0050766	Process	Positive regulation of phagocytosis	IDA	12465046
GO:0050829	Process	Defense response to Gram-negative bacterium	TAS	12465046
GO:0050930	Process	Induction of positive chemotaxis	NAS	12465046
GO:0051604	Process	Protein maturation	IBA
GO:0051607	Process	Defense response to virus	IMP	19274533
GO:0060326	Process	Cell chemotaxis	IMP	24008408
GO:0070062	Component	Extracellular exosome	HDA	19056867, 23533145
GO:0070944	Process	Neutrophil-mediated killing of bacterium	IDA	2312733

Other IDs

• MIM: 162815
• HGNC: 913
• e!Ensembl: ENSG00000172232

Protein

• UniProt ID: P20160
• Protein name: Azurocidin (Cationic antimicrobial protein CAP37) (Heparin-binding protein) (HBP) (hHBP)
• Protein function: This is a neutrophil granule-derived antibacterial and monocyte- and fibroblast-specific chemotactic glycoprotein. Binds heparin. The cytotoxic action is limited to many species of Gram-negative bacteria; this specificity may be explained by a s
• PDB: 1A7S, 1AE5, 1FY1, 1FY3
• Family and domains:

  Pfam

  Accession	ID	Position in sequence	Description	Type
  PF00089	Trypsin	27 → 239	Trypsin	Domain

• Sequence:

  MTRLTVLALLAGLLASSRAGSSPLLDIVGGRKARPRQFPFLASIQNQGRHFCGGALIHAR
  FVMTAASCFQSQNPGVSTVVLGAYDLRRRERQSRQTFSISSMSENGYDPQQNLNDLMLLQ
  LDREANLTSSVTILPLPLQNATVEAGTRCQVAGWGSQRSGGRLSRFPRFVNVTVTPEDQC
  RPNNVCTGVLTRRGGICNGDGGTPLVCEGLAHGVASFSLGPCGRGPDFFTRVALFRDWID
  GVLNNPGPGPA

• Sequence length: 251

Pathways

KEGG:

Neutrophil extracellular trap formation

Reactome:

Neutrophil degranulation

Associated diseases

Evidence Score:

• ★☆☆☆☆  Gene-disease association found in Text Mining only
• ★★☆☆☆  Found in Text Mining and Unknown/Other Associations
• ★★★☆☆  Reported in Unknown/Other Associations across ≥2 Sources
• ★★★★☆  ClinVar: Pathogenic/Likely Pathogenic (<5 Variants)
• ★★★★★  ClinVar: Pathogenic/Likely Pathogenic (≥5 Variants)

Unknown / Other Associations
Phenotype Name	Clinical Significance	Source	Evidence Score
ANTI-NEUTROPHIL ANTIBODY ASSOCIATED VASCULITIS	—	GWAS catalog	★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations

Associations from Text Mining
Disease Name	Disease (Merged)	Source	PMID	Relationship Type	Evidence Score
Alzheimer Disease	Alzheimer disease	Pubtator	26170148	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Arteriosclerosis	Arteriosclerosis	BEFREE	15020208		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Arthritis Rheumatoid	Rheumatoid arthritis	Pubtator	30159339	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Atherosclerosis	Atherosclerosis	BEFREE	15020208		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Autoimmune Diseases	Autoimmune disease	Pubtator	30159339	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Behcet Syndrome	Behcet disease	Pubtator	26890122	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Breast Carcinoma	Breast Carcinoma	BEFREE	16406157		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Breast Neoplasms	Breast neoplasm	Pubtator	37681500	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Carcinoma Hepatocellular	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Pubtator	28870205	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Carcinoma Pancreatic Ductal	Pancreatic ductal carcinoma	Pubtator	33820913	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Cardiomyopathies	Cardiomyopathy	Pubtator	32156261	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Chronic Obstructive Airway Disease	Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease	BEFREE	28985325		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Chronic Periodontitis	Periodontitis	BEFREE	31608993		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Congestive heart failure	Congestive Heart Failure	BEFREE	28985325		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Conventional (Clear Cell) Renal Cell Carcinoma	Renal Carcinoma	BEFREE	28975613		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Cystic Fibrosis	Cystic Fibrosis	BEFREE	29925362		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Cystic Fibrosis	Cystic fibrosis	Pubtator	29925362	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent	Diabetes Mellitus	BEFREE	28819987, 29447439, 29548933, 31081363, 31711859		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Diabetic Nephropathy	Diabetic Nephropathy	BEFREE	28819987, 29540826, 29548933, 30884176, 31711859		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Glaucoma	Glaucoma	Pubtator	39342991	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Glomerulonephritis IGA	Iga nephropathy	Pubtator	31726998	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Hepatocellular Adenoma	Hepatocellular adenoma	BEFREE	30937584		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Hypertensive disease	Hypertension	BEFREE	28575205, 28903744, 29548933, 30557811		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
IGA Glomerulonephritis	Glomerulonephritis	BEFREE	31726998		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor	Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor	BEFREE	30515535		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma	Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma	BEFREE	30515535		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Kidney Failure, Acute	Kidney Failure	BEFREE	28319494, 28585315, 29047023, 29406419, 29723248		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Left Bundle-Branch Block	Left Bundle-Branch Block	BEFREE	30497723, 31746996		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Leukemia Myeloid Acute	Myeloid leukemia	Pubtator	37798266	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Liver carcinoma	Liver carcinoma	BEFREE	29369947, 29922928		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Liver Cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis	BEFREE	30363905		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Liver Diseases	Liver disease	Pubtator	28642494	Stimulate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Lupus Erythematosus Systemic	Systemic lupus erythematosus	Pubtator	30159339	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Malignant neoplasm of breast	Breast Cancer	BEFREE	16406157, 31645543		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Malignant neoplasm of prostate	Prostate cancer	BEFREE	23720054		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Malignant Neoplasms	Malignant Neoplasm	BEFREE	31719821		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Mammary Neoplasms	Mammary Neoplasms	BEFREE	10749935		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Moyamoya Disease	Moyamoya disease	Pubtator	35197088	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Myocardial Infarction	Myocardial Infarction	BEFREE	30501029		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Neoplasms	Neoplasms	BEFREE	29290790		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
NEUROTICISM	Neuroticism	BEFREE	31719821		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Pancreatic Diseases	Pancreatic Diseases	BEFREE	24280576		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Periodontal Diseases	Periodontal Diseases	BEFREE	31608993		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Periodontitis	Periodontitis	BEFREE	31608993		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Pulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive	Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	Pubtator	35024012	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Respiratory Tract Diseases	Respiratory system infectious disease	Pubtator	22852767	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Respiratory Tract Infections	Respiratory system infectious disease	Pubtator	35310200	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Septicemia	Septicemia	BEFREE	28370601, 28585315, 29413717, 29569247, 29769838, 31015272, 31465432		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Sjogren's Syndrome	Sjogren syndrome	Pubtator	34064456	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
ST segment elevation myocardial infarction	ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction	BEFREE	30501029		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Steatohepatitis	Fatty Liver	BEFREE	30937584		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms	Triple negative breast cancer	Pubtator	37681500	Inhibit	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only