DAO (D-amino acid oxidase)

Gene

• Entrez ID: 1610
• Gene name: D-amino acid oxidase
• Gene symbol: DAO
• Synonyms (NCBI Gene): DAAO, DAMOX, OXDA
• Chromosome: 12
• Chromosome location: 12q24.11
• Summary: This gene encodes the peroxisomal enzyme D-amino acid oxidase. The enzyme is a flavoprotein which uses flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) as its prosthetic group. Its substrates include a wide variety of D-amino acids, but it is inactive on the naturally o

miRNA

miRTarBase ID	miRNA	Experiments	Reference
MIRT724913	hsa-miR-4269	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724912	hsa-miR-6715b-5p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724911	hsa-miR-4645-5p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724910	hsa-miR-4673	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724909	hsa-miR-5088-3p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724908	hsa-miR-766-3p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724906	hsa-miR-3925-3p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724907	hsa-miR-4656	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724905	hsa-miR-6829-5p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724904	hsa-miR-4492	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724903	hsa-miR-4498	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724902	hsa-miR-5001-5p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724901	hsa-miR-762	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724900	hsa-miR-4675	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724899	hsa-miR-4741	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724898	hsa-miR-3147	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724897	hsa-miR-515-5p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724896	hsa-miR-519e-5p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724895	hsa-miR-4674	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724894	hsa-miR-1587	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724893	hsa-miR-3620-5p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724913	hsa-miR-4269	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724912	hsa-miR-6715b-5p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724911	hsa-miR-4645-5p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724910	hsa-miR-4673	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724909	hsa-miR-5088-3p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724908	hsa-miR-766-3p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724906	hsa-miR-3925-3p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724907	hsa-miR-4656	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724905	hsa-miR-6829-5p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724904	hsa-miR-4492	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724903	hsa-miR-4498	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724902	hsa-miR-5001-5p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724901	hsa-miR-762	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724900	hsa-miR-4675	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724899	hsa-miR-4741	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724898	hsa-miR-3147	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724897	hsa-miR-515-5p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724896	hsa-miR-519e-5p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724895	hsa-miR-4674	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724894	hsa-miR-1587	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT724893	hsa-miR-3620-5p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT2209041	hsa-miR-1	CLIP-seq
MIRT2209042	hsa-miR-206	CLIP-seq
MIRT2209043	hsa-miR-3673	CLIP-seq
MIRT2209044	hsa-miR-490-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2209045	hsa-miR-613	CLIP-seq

Gene ontology (GO)

GO ID	Ontology	Definition	Evidence	Reference
GO:0003884	Function	D-amino-acid oxidase activity	IBA
GO:0003884	Function	D-amino-acid oxidase activity	IDA	12364586, 16616139, 17303072, 18544534, 19309736, 20567862, 20603179, 23219954, 29274788, 29326945, 32730563
GO:0003884	Function	D-amino-acid oxidase activity	IEA
GO:0003884	Function	D-amino-acid oxidase activity	IMP	29274788
GO:0005515	Function	Protein binding	IPI	12364586, 20521334, 21679769, 21988832, 24722188, 25416956, 28514442, 29274788, 31515488, 33961781
GO:0005576	Component	Extracellular region	IEA
GO:0005615	Component	Extracellular space	IEA
GO:0005737	Component	Cytoplasm	IBA
GO:0005737	Component	Cytoplasm	IDA	17880399
GO:0005737	Component	Cytoplasm	IEA
GO:0005741	Component	Mitochondrial outer membrane	IDA	21679769
GO:0005777	Component	Peroxisome	IEA
GO:0005782	Component	Peroxisomal matrix	IDA	17684499, 18544534, 21679769, 23219954, 31799256
GO:0005782	Component	Peroxisomal matrix	IEA
GO:0005782	Component	Peroxisomal matrix	ISS
GO:0005782	Component	Peroxisomal matrix	TAS
GO:0005829	Component	Cytosol	IDA	18544534, 31799256
GO:0005829	Component	Cytosol	IEA
GO:0005829	Component	Cytosol	TAS
GO:0006551	Process	L-leucine metabolic process	IEA
GO:0006562	Process	L-proline catabolic process	IBA
GO:0006562	Process	L-proline catabolic process	IDA	16616139
GO:0007586	Process	Digestion	IEA
GO:0007586	Process	Digestion	ISS
GO:0008718	Function	D-amino-acid dehydrogenase activity	IEA
GO:0016491	Function	Oxidoreductase activity	IEA
GO:0019478	Process	D-amino acid catabolic process	IDA	29274788
GO:0036088	Process	D-serine catabolic process	IBA
GO:0036088	Process	D-serine catabolic process	IDA	18544534
GO:0042416	Process	Dopamine biosynthetic process	IDA	17303072
GO:0042416	Process	Dopamine biosynthetic process	IEA
GO:0042802	Function	Identical protein binding	IPI	16616139, 19309736
GO:0042995	Component	Cell projection	IEA
GO:0043799	Function	Glycine oxidase activity	IEA
GO:0045202	Component	Synapse	IEA
GO:0046416	Process	D-amino acid metabolic process	IEA
GO:0048786	Component	Presynaptic active zone	IEA
GO:0048786	Component	Presynaptic active zone	ISS
GO:0051873	Process	Killing by host of symbiont cells	IEA
GO:0055130	Process	D-alanine catabolic process	IBA
GO:0055130	Process	D-alanine catabolic process	IDA	16616139, 20603179
GO:0055130	Process	D-alanine catabolic process	IEA
GO:0070178	Process	D-serine metabolic process	IDA	21679769
GO:0070945	Process	Neutrophil-mediated killing of gram-negative bacterium	IEA
GO:0070945	Process	Neutrophil-mediated killing of gram-negative bacterium	ISS
GO:0071949	Function	FAD binding	IDA	16616139, 19309736, 20521334, 20603179, 29326945, 32730563
GO:0071949	Function	FAD binding	IEA
GO:0071949	Function	FAD binding	IMP	29274788
GO:0170035	Process	L-amino acid catabolic process	IEA
GO:0170040	Process	Proteinogenic amino acid catabolic process	IEA

Other IDs

• MIM: 124050
• HGNC: 2671
• e!Ensembl: ENSG00000110887

Protein

• UniProt ID: P14920
• Protein name: D-amino-acid oxidase (DAAO) (DAMOX) (DAO) (EC 1.4.3.3)
• Protein function: Catalyzes the oxidative deamination of D-amino acids with broad substrate specificity (PubMed:16616139, PubMed:17088322, PubMed:17303072, PubMed:18544534, PubMed:20368421, PubMed:20567862, PubMed:20603179, PubMed:22203986, PubMed:23219954, PubMe
• PDB: 2DU8, 2E48, 2E49, 2E4A, 2E82, 3CUK, 3G3E, 3W4I, 3W4J, 3W4K, 3ZNN, 3ZNO, 3ZNP, 3ZNQ, 4QFC, 4QFD, 5ZJ9, 5ZJA, 6KBP, 7U9S, 7U9U, 8HY5
• Family and domains:

  Pfam

  Accession	ID	Position in sequence	Description	Type
  PF01266	DAO	2 → 329	FAD dependent oxidoreductase	Domain

• Tissue specificity: TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in the cerebellum, in astrocytes of the cortex, in motor neurons and fibers of the lumbar spinal cord (at protein level) (PubMed:17880399, PubMed:18544534, PubMed:18560437, PubMed:24138986, PubMed:34041270). Expressed in gobl
• Sequence:

  MRVVVIGAGVIGLSTALCIHERYHSVLQPLDIKVYADRFTPLTTTDVAAGLWQPYLSDPN
  NPQEADWSQQTFDYLLSHVHSPNAENLGLFLISGYNLFHEAIPDPSWKDTVLGFRKLTPR
  ELDMFPDYGYGWFHTSLILEGKNYLQWLTERLTERGVKFFQRKVESFEEVAREGADVIVN
  CTGVWAGALQRDPLLQPGRGQIMKVDAPWMKHFILTHDPERGIYNSPYIIPGTQTVTLGG
  IFQLGNWSELNNIQDHNTIWEGCCRLEPTLKNARIIGERTGFRPVRPQIRLEREQLRTGP
  SNTEVIHNYGHGGYGLTIHWGCALEAAKLFGRILEEKKLSRMPPSHL

• Sequence length: 347

Pathways

KEGG:

Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism
Arginine and proline metabolism
D-Amino acid metabolism
Metabolic pathways
Peroxisome

Reactome:

Glyoxylate metabolism and glycine degradation
Peroxisomal protein import

Associated diseases

Evidence Score:

• ★☆☆☆☆  Gene-disease association found in Text Mining only
• ★★☆☆☆  Found in Text Mining and Unknown/Other Associations
• ★★★☆☆  Reported in Unknown/Other Associations across ≥2 Sources
• ★★★★☆  ClinVar: Pathogenic/Likely Pathogenic (<5 Variants)
• ★★★★★  ClinVar: Pathogenic/Likely Pathogenic (≥5 Variants)

Unknown / Other Associations
Phenotype Name	Clinical Significance	Source	Evidence Score
ALZHEIMER DISEASE	—	GWAS catalog	★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis	Uncertain significance; Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity	ClinVar ClinGen, Disgenet, GenCC, Orphanet ClinGen, Disgenet, GenCC, Orphanet ClinGen, Disgenet, GenCC, Orphanet	★★★☆☆ Reported in Unknown/Other Associations (≥2 sources)
AUTISTIC DISORDER	—	CTD, Disgenet CTD, Disgenet	★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
BIPOLAR DISORDER	—	Disgenet	★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
BIPOLAR I DISORDER	—	Disgenet	★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Cholangiocarcinoma	Benign	ClinVar	★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
DAO-related disorder	Benign; Uncertain significance; Likely benign; Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity	ClinVar	★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
LIVER CIRRHOSIS, EXPERIMENTAL	—	CTD	★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
MAJOR AFFECTIVE DISORDER 2	—	Disgenet	★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
MOOD DISORDERS	—	Disgenet	★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
SCHIZOPHRENIA	—	CTD, Disgenet CTD, Disgenet	★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
SYMPTOMS OF DEPRESSION	—	Disgenet	★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Thymoma	Benign	ClinVar	★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations

Associations from Text Mining
Disease Name	Disease (Merged)	Source	PMID	Relationship Type	Evidence Score
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis	Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis	ORPHANET_DG	20368421, 24085347		★★★☆☆ Reported in Unknown/Other Associations (≥2 sources)
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis	Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis	GENOMICS_ENGLAND_DG	20368421		★★★☆☆ Reported in Unknown/Other Associations (≥2 sources)
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis	Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis	Pubtator	23755159, 33051492	Associate	★★★☆☆ Reported in Unknown/Other Associations (≥2 sources)
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis	Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis	Orphanet			★★★☆☆ Reported in Unknown/Other Associations (≥2 sources)
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis	Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis	BEFREE	25604957, 27773581, 28025800, 29194436, 29404340, 29487852, 30206963		★★★☆☆ Reported in Unknown/Other Associations (≥2 sources)
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis	Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis	HPO_DG			★★★☆☆ Reported in Unknown/Other Associations (≥2 sources)
Anxiety	Anxiety Disorder	BEFREE	19729970, 21471957		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Anxiety	Anxiety disorder	Pubtator	21471957	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Anxiety	Anxiety Disorder	HPO_DG			★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Anxiety Disorders	Anxiety Disorder	BEFREE	19729970, 21471957		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Aortic Valve Insufficiency	Aortic Valve Insufficiency	BEFREE	29290484		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Autism Spectrum Disorders	Autism Spectrum Disorder	BEFREE	17629951		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Autistic Disorder	Autism	CTD_human_DG	17629951		★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Bipolar Disorder	Bipolar Disorder	BEFREE	14966479, 16203746, 18165970, 18628682, 21421061, 22239582		★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Bipolar Disorder	Bipolar Disorder	PSYGENET_DG	16203746, 16380905, 18165970, 21421061, 22239582		★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Bipolar Disorder	Bipolar disorder	Pubtator	16380905	Associate	★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Bipolar Disorder	Bipolar Disorder	LHGDN	18165970		★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Bipolar I disorder	Bipolar Disorder	BEFREE	16380905		★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Bipolar I disorder	Bipolar Disorder	PSYGENET_DG	16380905		★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Carcinoma Renal Cell	Renal cell carcinoma	Pubtator	38297313	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Cognition Disorders	Cognitive disorder	BEFREE	29093468		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Colorectal Neoplasms	Colorectal neoplasm	Pubtator	33540681	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Congestive heart failure	Congestive Heart Failure	BEFREE	26989676, 31298558		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Darier Disease	Darier disease	Pubtator	26440917	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Depressive disorder	Mental Depression	BEFREE	19729970		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Depressive disorder	Mental Depression	HPO_DG			★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Exostoses	Exostoses	Pubtator	34582124	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Glioblastoma	Glioblastoma	Pubtator	33540681	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Glioma	Glioma	BEFREE	21921941		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Heart failure	Heart Failure	BEFREE	31298558		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Impaired cognition	Impaired Cognition	BEFREE	29093468		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Jaundice, Obstructive	Jaundice	BEFREE	31671112		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Kidney Diseases	Kidney Disease	BEFREE	29273565		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Laryngospasm	Laryngospasm	HPO_DG			★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
MAJOR AFFECTIVE DISORDER 1	Major Affective Disorder	BEFREE	14966479, 18165970, 18628682		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
MAJOR AFFECTIVE DISORDER 2	Major Affective Disorder	BEFREE	14966479, 18165970, 18628682		★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
MAJOR AFFECTIVE DISORDER 2	Major Affective Disorder	PSYGENET_DG	18165970		★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
MAJOR AFFECTIVE DISORDER 4	Major Affective Disorder	BEFREE	14966479, 18165970, 18628682		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
MAJOR AFFECTIVE DISORDER 6	Major Affective Disorder	BEFREE	14966479, 18165970, 18628682		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
MAJOR AFFECTIVE DISORDER 7	Major Affective Disorder	BEFREE	14966479, 18165970		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
MAJOR AFFECTIVE DISORDER 8	Major Affective Disorder	BEFREE	14966479, 18165970		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
MAJOR AFFECTIVE DISORDER 9	Major Affective Disorder	BEFREE	14966479, 18165970		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Malignant Neoplasms	Malignant Neoplasm	BEFREE	31706037		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Mental Depression	Mental Depression	BEFREE	19729970		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Mental disorders	Mental Disorders	BEFREE	28477547		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Migraine Disorders	Migraine	BEFREE	25612138, 27130307, 29475774		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Migraine Disorders	Migraine	Pubtator	27130307	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Mood Disorders	Mood Disorder	BEFREE	17890006		★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Mood Disorders	Mood Disorder	PSYGENET_DG	17890006		★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Mood Disorders	Mood disorder	Pubtator	26440917	Associate	★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Mood swings	Mood swings	HPO_DG			★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Neoplasms	Neoplasms	BEFREE	21921941		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Nonorganic psychosis	Nonorganic Psychosis	BEFREE	17890006, 21391259, 22239582, 29326614		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Obesity	Obesity	Pubtator	32818236	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Primary hyperoxaluria, type I	Hyperoxaluria	BEFREE	2516173		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Psychotic Disorders	Psychosis	BEFREE	17890006, 21391259, 22239582, 29326614		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Psychotic Disorders	Psychotic disorders	Pubtator	21391259	Associate	★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Respiratory Failure	Respiratory Failure	HPO_DG			★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Schizoaffective Disorder	Schizoaffective Disorder	BEFREE	17492767		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only
Schizophrenia	Schizophrenia	BEFREE	12364586, 14966479, 15464270, 15744031, 15953485, 16203746, 16314870, 16828464, 16842973, 17055463, 17250995, 17336946, 17408693, 17492767, 17627036, 17890006, 17982252, 18165970, 18615285, 19077230, 19223009, 19439994, 19591808, 19729970, 19786963, 20483168, 21421061, 21471957, 21700703, 21981077, 22239582, 22892863, 23219954, 23555897, 26440917, 26986737, 27412497, 28285246, 28435276, 28780732, 28864885, 29114206, 29326614, 29404340, 29472125, 30220232, 30787885, 31407761, 31660823		★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Schizophrenia	Schizophrenia	LHGDN	12364586, 15464270, 17250995, 17336946, 17492767, 17890006		★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Schizophrenia	Schizophrenia	CTD_human_DG	18583979		★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Schizophrenia	Schizophrenia	Pubtator	21471957, 23219954, 26440917	Associate	★★☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining + Unknown/Other Associations
Ulcerative Colitis	Ulcerative colitis	BEFREE	31524230		★☆☆☆☆ Found in Text Mining only