PROX1 (prospero homeobox 1)

Gene

• Entrez ID: 5629
• Gene name: Prospero homeobox 1
• Gene symbol: PROX1
• Synonyms: -
• Chromosome: 1
• Chromosome location: 1q32.3
• Summary: The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the homeobox transcription factor family. Members of this family contain a homeobox domain that consists of a 60-amino acid helix-turn-helix structure that binds DNA and RNA. The protein encoded by this gene

miRNA

miRTarBase ID	miRNA	Experiments	Reference
MIRT003630	hsa-miR-181a-5p	Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, Western blot	20558617
MIRT003630	hsa-miR-181a-5p	Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, Western blot	20558617
MIRT018128	hsa-miR-335-5p	Microarray	18185580
MIRT019318	hsa-miR-148b-3p	Microarray	17612493
MIRT037355	hsa-miR-877-5p	CLASH	23622248
MIRT510934	hsa-miR-5011-5p	HITS-CLIP	21572407
MIRT510932	hsa-miR-190a-3p	HITS-CLIP	21572407
MIRT510931	hsa-miR-3924	HITS-CLIP	21572407
MIRT707916	hsa-miR-377-3p	HITS-CLIP	21572407
MIRT566288	hsa-miR-2681-5p	HITS-CLIP	21572407
MIRT510930	hsa-miR-1277-5p	HITS-CLIP	21572407
MIRT510930	hsa-miR-1277-5p	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT510934	hsa-miR-5011-5p	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT555208	hsa-miR-4666a-5p	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT510932	hsa-miR-190a-3p	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT510931	hsa-miR-3924	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT566288	hsa-miR-2681-5p	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT510930	hsa-miR-1277-5p	PAR-CLIP	21572407
MIRT510934	hsa-miR-5011-5p	PAR-CLIP	21572407
MIRT555212	hsa-miR-4501	PAR-CLIP	21572407
MIRT555211	hsa-miR-567	PAR-CLIP	21572407
MIRT555210	hsa-miR-223-5p	PAR-CLIP	21572407
MIRT555209	hsa-miR-6867-5p	PAR-CLIP	21572407
MIRT555208	hsa-miR-4666a-5p	PAR-CLIP	21572407
MIRT510932	hsa-miR-190a-3p	PAR-CLIP	21572407
MIRT510931	hsa-miR-3924	PAR-CLIP	21572407
MIRT555207	hsa-miR-297	PAR-CLIP	21572407
MIRT555206	hsa-miR-8070	PAR-CLIP	21572407
MIRT510934	hsa-miR-5011-5p	PAR-CLIP	23446348
MIRT510932	hsa-miR-190a-3p	PAR-CLIP	23446348
MIRT510931	hsa-miR-3924	PAR-CLIP	23446348
MIRT510930	hsa-miR-1277-5p	PAR-CLIP	23446348
MIRT003630	hsa-miR-181a-5p	Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, Western blot	25706394
MIRT003630	hsa-miR-181a-5p	Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, Western blot	25706394
MIRT555210	hsa-miR-223-5p	HITS-CLIP	27418678
MIRT555210	hsa-miR-223-5p	HITS-CLIP	27418678
MIRT555209	hsa-miR-6867-5p	HITS-CLIP	27418678
MIRT555209	hsa-miR-6867-5p	HITS-CLIP	27418678
MIRT733604	hsa-miR-140-5p	Immunofluorescence, qRT-PCR, Western blotting	33987369
MIRT510934	hsa-miR-5011-5p	HITS-CLIP	21572407
MIRT510932	hsa-miR-190a-3p	HITS-CLIP	21572407
MIRT510931	hsa-miR-3924	HITS-CLIP	21572407
MIRT707916	hsa-miR-377-3p	HITS-CLIP	21572407
MIRT566288	hsa-miR-2681-5p	HITS-CLIP	21572407
MIRT510930	hsa-miR-1277-5p	HITS-CLIP	21572407
MIRT510930	hsa-miR-1277-5p	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT510934	hsa-miR-5011-5p	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT555208	hsa-miR-4666a-5p	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT510932	hsa-miR-190a-3p	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT510931	hsa-miR-3924	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT566288	hsa-miR-2681-5p	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT510930	hsa-miR-1277-5p	PAR-CLIP	21572407
MIRT510934	hsa-miR-5011-5p	PAR-CLIP	21572407
MIRT555212	hsa-miR-4501	PAR-CLIP	21572407
MIRT555211	hsa-miR-567	PAR-CLIP	21572407
MIRT555210	hsa-miR-223-5p	PAR-CLIP	21572407
MIRT555209	hsa-miR-6867-5p	PAR-CLIP	21572407
MIRT555208	hsa-miR-4666a-5p	PAR-CLIP	21572407
MIRT510932	hsa-miR-190a-3p	PAR-CLIP	21572407
MIRT510931	hsa-miR-3924	PAR-CLIP	21572407
MIRT555207	hsa-miR-297	PAR-CLIP	21572407
MIRT555206	hsa-miR-8070	PAR-CLIP	21572407
MIRT510934	hsa-miR-5011-5p	PAR-CLIP	23446348
MIRT510932	hsa-miR-190a-3p	PAR-CLIP	23446348
MIRT510931	hsa-miR-3924	PAR-CLIP	23446348
MIRT510930	hsa-miR-1277-5p	PAR-CLIP	23446348
MIRT756420	hsa-miR-340-5p	Luciferase reporter assay, Western blotting, qRT-PCR	34495369
MIRT1265313	hsa-miR-203	CLIP-seq
MIRT1265314	hsa-miR-3150b-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1265315	hsa-miR-3613-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1265316	hsa-miR-3662	CLIP-seq
MIRT1265317	hsa-miR-4689	CLIP-seq
MIRT1265318	hsa-miR-4712-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1265319	hsa-miR-4784	CLIP-seq
MIRT1265320	hsa-miR-653	CLIP-seq

Transcription factors

Transcription factor	Regulation	Reference
HEY1	Repression	22719258
NFKB1	Activation	19901262
PAX6	Activation	11554737
RELA	Activation	19901262

Gene ontology (GO)

GO ID	Ontology	Definition	Evidence	Reference
GO:0000122	Process	Negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IDA	15205472
GO:0000785	Component	Chromatin	ISA
GO:0000976	Function	Transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IDA	19210544
GO:0000978	Function	RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IBA	21873635
GO:0000978	Function	RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	ISS
GO:0000981	Function	DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IBA	21873635
GO:0000981	Function	DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	ISA
GO:0000981	Function	DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	ISS
GO:0001227	Function	DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IDA	15143342, 15205472, 16488887, 19264593
GO:0001709	Process	Cell fate determination	IEA
GO:0001822	Process	Kidney development	IEP	8812486
GO:0001889	Process	Liver development	IEP	11789987
GO:0001938	Process	Positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation	IDA	19210544
GO:0001946	Process	Lymphangiogenesis	IDA	12412020
GO:0002088	Process	Lens development in camera-type eye	IEP	8812486
GO:0002194	Process	Hepatocyte cell migration	IEA
GO:0003677	Function	DNA binding	IMP	18815287
GO:0003700	Function	DNA-binding transcription factor activity	IC	19210544
GO:0005515	Function	Protein binding	IPI	15205472, 16488887, 18815287, 19210544, 19264593, 21988832
GO:0005634	Component	Nucleus	IBA	21873635
GO:0005634	Component	Nucleus	IDA	11850194, 15143342, 15205472, 19210544
GO:0005634	Component	Nucleus	ISS
GO:0005654	Component	Nucleoplasm	IDA
GO:0005737	Component	Cytoplasm	IDA	11850194
GO:0005829	Component	Cytosol	IDA
GO:0006357	Process	Regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IBA	21873635
GO:0007420	Process	Brain development	IEP	8812486
GO:0007623	Process	Circadian rhythm	IEA
GO:0008284	Process	Positive regulation of cell population proliferation	IDA	12198161
GO:0008285	Process	Negative regulation of cell population proliferation	IMP	17062673
GO:0010468	Process	Regulation of gene expression	IDA	12198161
GO:0010595	Process	Positive regulation of endothelial cell migration	IDA	19210544
GO:0016922	Function	Nuclear receptor binding	IPI	15143342, 15205472, 16488887
GO:0021516	Process	Dorsal spinal cord development	ISS	11789987
GO:0021542	Process	Dentate gyrus development	ISS
GO:0021707	Process	Cerebellar granule cell differentiation	ISS
GO:0021915	Process	Neural tube development	ISS	11789987
GO:0030240	Process	Skeletal muscle thin filament assembly	ISS
GO:0030324	Process	Lung development	IEP	8812486
GO:0030910	Process	Olfactory placode formation	ISS	11789987
GO:0031016	Process	Pancreas development	IEP	11789987
GO:0031667	Process	Response to nutrient levels	IEA
GO:0042752	Process	Regulation of circadian rhythm	IMP	23723244
GO:0043049	Process	Otic placode formation	ISS	11789987
GO:0043433	Process	Negative regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity	IDA	15205472, 16488887
GO:0045071	Process	Negative regulation of viral genome replication	IDA	19264593
GO:0045737	Process	Positive regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity	IDA	19210544
GO:0045787	Process	Positive regulation of cell cycle	ISS
GO:0045892	Process	Negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated	IDA	15143342, 15205472
GO:0045892	Process	Negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated	IMP	16488887, 23723244
GO:0045944	Process	Positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IMP	18815287
GO:0046619	Process	Optic placode formation involved in camera-type eye formation	ISS	11850194
GO:0048845	Process	Venous blood vessel morphogenesis	ISS
GO:0050692	Function	DNA binding domain binding	IPI	15205472
GO:0050693	Function	LBD domain binding	IPI	15143342, 15205472
GO:0055005	Process	Ventricular cardiac myofibril assembly	ISS
GO:0055009	Process	Atrial cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis	ISS
GO:0055010	Process	Ventricular cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis	ISS
GO:0060042	Process	Retina morphogenesis in camera-type eye	ISS	11789987
GO:0060059	Process	Embryonic retina morphogenesis in camera-type eye	IEP	12692551
GO:0060214	Process	Endocardium formation	ISS
GO:0060298	Process	Positive regulation of sarcomere organization	ISS
GO:0060412	Process	Ventricular septum morphogenesis	ISS
GO:0060414	Process	Aorta smooth muscle tissue morphogenesis	ISS
GO:0060421	Process	Positive regulation of heart growth	ISS
GO:0060836	Process	Lymphatic endothelial cell differentiation	IDA	12198161
GO:0060838	Process	Lymphatic endothelial cell fate commitment	IMP	18815287
GO:0061114	Process	Branching involved in pancreas morphogenesis	IEA
GO:0070309	Process	Lens fiber cell morphogenesis	IEP	11850194
GO:0070365	Process	Hepatocyte differentiation	IEP	15232737
GO:0070858	Process	Negative regulation of bile acid biosynthetic process	IMP	16488887
GO:0072574	Process	Hepatocyte proliferation	IEA
GO:0090425	Process	Acinar cell differentiation	IEA
GO:0097150	Process	Neuronal stem cell population maintenance	ISS
GO:1901978	Process	Positive regulation of cell cycle checkpoint	IEA
GO:1990837	Function	Sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding	IDA	28473536
GO:2000179	Process	Positive regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation	ISS
GO:2000979	Process	Positive regulation of forebrain neuron differentiation	ISS

Other IDs

• MIM: 601546
• HGNC: 9459
• e!Ensembl: ENSG00000117707

Protein

• UniProt ID: Q92786
• Protein name: Prospero homeobox protein 1 (Homeobox prospero-like protein PROX1) (PROX-1)
• Protein function: Transcription factor involved in developmental processes such as cell fate determination, gene transcriptional regulation and progenitor cell regulation in a number of organs. Plays a critical role in embryonic development and functions as a key
• PDB: 2LMD
• Family and domains:

  Pfam

  Accession	ID	Position in sequence	Description	Type
  PF05044	HPD	579 → 732	Homeo-prospero domain	Domain

• Sequence:

  MPDHDSTALLSRQTKRRRVDIGVKRTVGTASAFFAKARATFFSAMNPQGSEQDVEYSVVQ
  HADGEKSNVLRKLLKRANSYEDAMMPFPGATIISQLLKNNMNKNGGTEPSFQASGLSSTG
  SEVHQEDICSNSSRDSPPECLSPFGRPTMSQFDMDRLCDEHLRAKRARVENIIRGMSHSP
  SVALRGNENEREMAPQSVSPRESYRENKRKQKLPQQQQQSFQQLVSARKEQKREERRQLK
  QQLEDMQKQLRQLQEKFYQIYDSTDSENDEDGNLSEDSMRSEILDARAQDSVGRSDNEMC
  ELDPGQFIDRARALIREQEMAENKPKREGNNKERDHGPNSLQPEGKHLAETLKQELNTAM
  SQVVDTVVKVFSAKPSRQVPQVFPPLQIPQARFAVNGENHNFHTANQRLQCFGDVIIPNP
  LDTFGNVQMASSTDQTEALPLVVRKNSSDQSASGPAAGGHHQPLHQSPLSATTGFTTSTF
  RHPFPLPLMAYPFQSPLGAPSGSFSGKDRASPESLDLTRDTTSLRTKMSSHHLSHHPCSP
  AHPPSTAEGLSLSLIKSECGDLQDMSEISPYSGSAMQEGLSPNHLKKAKLMFFYTRYPSS
  NMLKTYFSDVKFNRCITSQLIKWFSNFREFYYIQMEKYARQAINDGVTSTEELSITRDCE
  LYRALNMHYNKANDFEVPERFLEVAQITLREFFNAIIAGKDVDPSWKKAIYKVICKLDSE
  VPEIFKSPNCLQELLHE

• Sequence length: 737

Associated diseases

Causal
Disease name	Disease term	dbSNP ID	References
Diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Non-Insulin-Dependent	rs587776515, rs61730328, rs606231121, rs606231122, rs79020217, rs77625743, rs78378398, rs606231123, rs4402960, rs1362648752, rs3745368, rs3792267, rs3842570, rs5030952, rs2975760, rs119489103, rs7903146, rs12255372, rs11196205, rs104893649, rs80356624, rs80356616, rs80356625, rs80356611, rs104894237, rs80356613, rs137852740, rs137852786, rs387906407, rs151344623, rs28938469, rs28936371, rs137852672, rs80356637, rs80356642, rs80356653, rs137852673, rs137852674, rs80356634, rs80356651, rs193929360, rs137853334, rs137853335, rs137853336, rs1600731198, rs137853338, rs121964882, rs121964883, rs387906511, rs121964884, rs121964885, rs2147483647, rs387906512, rs121964887, rs121964888, rs121964889, rs121964890, rs121964891, rs28934878, rs74315383, rs121964893, rs886037620, rs886037621, rs80356663, rs121434593, rs121913150, rs587776825, rs137853236, rs2135842335, rs137853237, rs137853238, rs2135818776, rs1566092470, rs1463923467, rs137853243, rs137853244, rs2135839114, rs137853245, rs2135847417, rs121918407, rs104894005, rs104894006, rs80356655, rs104894008, rs104894009, rs104894010, rs104894011, rs80356654, rs104894016, rs193929376, rs193929374, rs193929375, rs193929373, rs80356666, rs80356669, rs80356664, rs193929366, rs1048095, rs193929355, rs193929356, rs1259467443, rs104893642, rs387906777, rs387906779, rs141804752, rs182349376, rs184917682, rs193922396, rs193922400, rs193922401, rs137852676, rs193922407, rs193922638, rs193922257, rs193922258, rs193922259, rs193922260, rs193922261, rs193922262, rs193922263, rs193922264, rs193922265, rs193922268, rs193921338, rs193922269, rs193922272, rs193922273, rs193922275, rs193922278, rs193922279, rs193922280, rs193922281, rs193922282, rs193922283, rs193922284, rs193922286, rs193922287, rs193922289, rs193922291, rs193922295, rs193922297, rs193922300, rs193922302, rs193922303, rs193922308, rs193922313, rs193922314, rs144723656, rs193922315, rs193922316, rs193922317, rs148311934, rs193922319, rs193922320, rs193922326, rs193922329, rs193922330, rs193922331, rs193922335, rs193922336, rs193922338, rs193922340, rs193922341, rs193922471, rs193922475, rs193922476, rs193922479, rs193922355, rs193922356, rs193922576, rs193922578, rs193922582, rs193922588, rs193922592, rs193922594, rs193922596, rs386134267, rs193922598, rs193922599, rs193922600, rs193922604, rs193922605, rs397514580, rs397515519, rs267601516, rs587780343, rs587780345, rs587780346, rs587780347, rs587780357, rs148954387, rs61736969, rs587783673, rs587783672, rs587783669, rs786204676, rs794727236, rs151344624, rs794727775, rs794727839, rs199946797, rs869320673, rs796065047, rs759072800, rs797045595, rs797045209, rs797045207, rs797045213, rs797045623, rs863225280, rs149703259, rs864321656, rs139964066, rs777870079, rs878853246, rs769268803, rs886039380, rs886041392, rs886041391, rs886042610, rs143064649, rs1057516192, rs746480424, rs1057516281, rs576684889, rs754728827, rs1057520291, rs1057520779, rs893256143, rs1057520504, rs1057524790, rs1057524902, rs1057524904, rs1057524905, rs764232985, rs1064793998, rs1064794268, rs769086289, rs369429452, rs1085307913, rs1131691416, rs765432081, rs1131692182, rs748749585, rs1554335441, rs762263694, rs1312678560, rs767565869, rs1375656631, rs1554335391, rs1360415315, rs1554335616, rs1554335752, rs1554909277, rs769518471, rs757171524, rs768951263, rs762703502, rs1555212248, rs1555212359, rs1555813319, rs1555816654, rs1553638903, rs1553638909, rs948820149, rs371977235, rs1553784995, rs76474829, rs200998587, rs1415041911, rs1554334894, rs1260178539, rs1554335421, rs1555211904, rs779184183, rs1554335564, rs200670692, rs1400535021, rs1554334872, rs1555212749, rs1553876668, rs1553878211, rs954727530, rs1554924035, rs372307320, rs925231098, rs1554913069, rs1554933565, rs766431403, rs746714109, rs751279984, rs770664202, rs1008906426, rs758844607, rs1554924540, rs1566092307, rs753998395, rs1565885935, rs1167124132, rs1376796469, rs556436603, rs1562715657, rs1486280029, rs1564869850, rs755259997, rs769569410, rs1172328722, rs1286294151, rs1375557127, rs1568731279, rs1562715426, rs556581174, rs1564865302, rs1565886545, rs776793516, rs1568724014, rs1392795567, rs781260712, rs1562719705, rs1382448285, rs1564977373, rs750586210, rs1598842892, rs1583592247, rs780612692, rs1593060859, rs1476637197, rs751279776, rs1593060890, rs1191912908, rs1167675604, rs1583601110, rs1593058932, rs778611627, rs753296261	20081858, 30595370, 22885922, 30054458, 28869590, 29358691