PECAM1 (platelet and endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1)

Gene

• Entrez ID: 5175
• Gene name: Platelet and endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1
• Gene symbol: PECAM1
• Synonyms: CD31, CD31/EndoCAM, GPIIA', PECA1, PECAM-1, endoCAM
• Chromosome: 17
• Chromosome location: 17q23.3
• Summary: The protein encoded by this gene is found on the surface of platelets, monocytes, neutrophils, and some types of T-cells, and makes up a large portion of endothelial cell intercellular junctions. The encoded protein is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and is likely involved in leukocyte migration, angiogenesis, and integrin activation. [provided by RefSeq, May 2010]

Transcription factors

Transcription factor	Regulation	Reference
GATA2	Unknown	9028949

Gene ontology (GO)

GO ID	Ontology	Definition	Evidence	Reference
GO:0001934	Process	Positive regulation of protein phosphorylation	IMP	15985432, 26706435
GO:0002576	Process	Platelet degranulation	TAS
GO:0004888	Function	Transmembrane signaling receptor activity	IBA	21873635
GO:0005515	Function	Protein binding	IPI	9162084, 9312087, 9774457, 10704309, 10801826, 15985432, 17580308, 18672896, 25241761, 26607202, 28514442, 32814053
GO:0005615	Component	Extracellular space	IDA	9290466
GO:0005886	Component	Plasma membrane	IDA	17464107
GO:0005886	Component	Plasma membrane	TAS
GO:0005887	Component	Integral component of plasma membrane	IBA	21873635
GO:0005911	Component	Cell-cell junction	IDA	15572031
GO:0006909	Process	Phagocytosis	IDA	12110892
GO:0007156	Process	Homophilic cell adhesion via plasma membrane adhesion molecules	IMP	27958302
GO:0007159	Process	Leukocyte cell-cell adhesion	IMP	17580308
GO:0007165	Process	Signal transduction	TAS	7994021
GO:0007166	Process	Cell surface receptor signaling pathway	IBA	21873635
GO:0008037	Process	Cell recognition	TAS	1690453
GO:0030198	Process	Extracellular matrix organization	TAS
GO:0030335	Process	Positive regulation of cell migration	IDA	15572031
GO:0030667	Component	Secretory granule membrane	TAS
GO:0031092	Component	Platelet alpha granule membrane	TAS
GO:0032991	Component	Protein-containing complex	IDA	26607202
GO:0035633	Process	Maintenance of blood-brain barrier	NAS	30280653
GO:0035696	Process	Monocyte extravasation	IMP	11078691
GO:0042803	Function	Protein homodimerization activity	IDA	26702061, 27958302
GO:0043312	Process	Neutrophil degranulation	TAS
GO:0045121	Component	Membrane raft	IEA
GO:0050731	Process	Positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	IMP	26706435
GO:0050900	Process	Leukocyte migration	TAS
GO:0050904	Process	Diapedesis	IDA	19342684
GO:0061028	Process	Establishment of endothelial barrier	IMP	7589563
GO:0070062	Component	Extracellular exosome	HDA	20458337
GO:0070830	Process	Bicellular tight junction assembly	IMP	26607202
GO:0072011	Process	Glomerular endothelium development	IEP	17464107
GO:0072672	Process	Neutrophil extravasation	IMP	17580308, 22266279
GO:0098609	Process	Cell-cell adhesion	IDA	15572031
GO:0098742	Process	Cell-cell adhesion via plasma-membrane adhesion molecules	IBA	21873635
GO:0098742	Process	Cell-cell adhesion via plasma-membrane adhesion molecules	IMP	17580308
GO:0150107	Process	Positive regulation of protein localization to cell-cell junction	IDA	26706435

Other IDs

• MIM: 173445
• HGNC: 8823
• e!Ensembl: ENSG00000261371

Protein

• UniProt ID: P16284
• Protein name: Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM-1) (EndoCAM) (GPIIA') (PECA1) (CD antigen CD31)
• Protein function: Cell adhesion molecule which is required for leukocyte transendothelial migration (TEM) under most inflammatory conditions (PubMed:19342684, PubMed:17580308). Tyr-690 plays a critical role in TEM and is required for efficient trafficking of PECAM1 to and from the lateral border recycling compartment (LBRC) and is also essential for the LBRC membrane to be targeted around migrating leukocytes (PubMed:19342684). Trans-homophilic interaction may play a role in endothelial cell-cell adhesion via cell junctions (PubMed:27958302). Heterophilic interaction with CD177 plays a role in transendothelial migration of neutrophils (PubMed:17580308). Homophilic ligation of PECAM1 prevents macrophage-mediated phagocytosis of neighboring viable leukocytes by transmitting a detachment signal (PubMed:12110892). Promotes macrophage-mediated phagocytosis of apoptotic leukocytes by tethering them to the phagocytic cells; PECAM1-mediated detachment signal appears to be disabled in apoptotic leukocytes (PubMed:12110892). Modulates bradykinin receptor BDKRB2 activation (PubMed:18672896). Regulates bradykinin- and hyperosmotic shock-induced ERK1/2 activation in endothelial cells (PubMed:18672896). Induces susceptibility to atherosclerosis (By similarity). ; [Isoform Delta15]: Does not protect against apoptosis.
• PDB: 2KY5, 5C14, 5GNI
• Family and domains:

  Pfam

  Accession	ID	Position in sequence	Description	Type
  PF13895	Ig_2	327 → 404	Immunoglobulin domain	Domain
  PF17736	Ig_C17orf99	409 → 496	C17orf99 Ig domain	Domain

• Sequence:

  MQPRWAQGATMWLGVLLTLLLCSSLEGQENSFTINSVDMKSLPDWTVQNGKNLTLQCFAD
  VSTTSHVKPQHQMLFYKDDVLFYNISSMKSTESYFIPEVRIYDSGTYKCTVIVNNKEKTT
  AEYQVLVEGVPSPRVTLDKKEAIQGGIVRVNCSVPEEKAPIHFTIEKLELNEKMVKLKRE
  KNSRDQNFVILEFPVEEQDRVLSFRCQARIISGIHMQTSESTKSELVTVTESFSTPKFHI
  SPTGMIMEGAQLHIKCTIQVTHLAQEFPEIIIQKDKAIVAHNRHGNKAVYSVMAMVEHSG
  NYTCKVESSRISKVSSIVVNITELFSKPELESSFTHLDQGERLNLSCSIPGAPPANFTIQ
  KEDTIVSQTQDFTKIASKSDSGTYICTAGIDKVVKKSNTVQIVVCEMLSQPRISYDAQFE
  VIKGQTIEVRCESISGTLPISYQLLKTSKVLENSTKNSNDPAVFKDNPTEDVEYQCVADN
  CHSHAKMLSEVLRVKVIAPVDEVQISILSSKVVESGEDIVLQCAVNEGSGPITYKFYREK
  EGKPFYQMTSNATQAFWTKQKASKEQEGEYYCTAFNRANHASSVPRSKILTVRVILAPWK
  KGLIAVVIIGVIIALLIIAAKCYFLRKAKAKQMPVEMSRPAVPLLNSNNEKMSDPNMEAN
  SHYGHNDDVRNHAMKPINDNKEPLNSDVQYTEVQVSSAESHKDLGKKDTETVYSEVRKAV
  PDAVESRYSRTEGSLDGT

• Sequence length: 738

Pathways

KEGG:

Efferocytosis
Cell adhesion molecules
Leukocyte transendothelial migration
Malaria
Fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis

Reactome:

Platelet degranulation
Cell surface interactions at the vascular wall
PECAM1 interactions
Integrin cell surface interactions
Platelet sensitization by LDL
Neutrophil degranulation

Associated diseases

Causal
Disease name	Disease term	dbSNP ID	References
Autism	Autistic Disorder	rs121964908, rs121912597, rs2710102, rs7794745, rs-1, rs142990298, rs62643608, rs181327458, rs797046134, rs869312704, rs1555013332, rs876657679, rs1057518999, rs1057518658, rs771827120, rs1555187899, rs773080572, rs753871454, rs1684130791, rs1684180699, rs1553510219, rs1684182454, rs1559060428, rs1553510677, rs1576352885, rs1574152522, rs1574152672, rs1696658542, rs1751123722, rs1750373491, rs1751075634	17509538
Autoimmune diseases	Autoimmune Diseases	rs41285370, rs869025224	10848805
Coronary artery disease	Coronary Artery Disease	rs137852988, rs121918313, rs-1, rs121918529, rs121918531, rs137852340, rs405509, rs1555800701, rs1215189537	28530674, 29212778
Coronary heart disease	Coronary heart disease	rs-1	21378988

Unknown
Disease name	Disease term	dbSNP ID	References
Coronary arteriosclerosis	Coronary Arteriosclerosis		28530674