MDK (midkine)

Gene

• Entrez ID: 4192
• Gene name: Midkine
• Gene symbol: MDK
• Synonyms: ARAP, MK, NEGF2
• Chromosome: 11
• Chromosome location: 11p11.2
• Summary: This gene encodes a member of a small family of secreted growth factors that binds heparin and responds to retinoic acid. The encoded protein promotes cell growth, migration, and angiogenesis, in particular during tumorigenesis. This gene has been targete

miRNA

miRTarBase ID	miRNA	Experiments	Reference
MIRT022440	hsa-miR-124-3p	Microarray	18668037
MIRT050887	hsa-miR-17-5p	CLASH	23622248
MIRT040730	hsa-miR-92b-3p	CLASH	23622248
MIRT036299	hsa-miR-1229-3p	CLASH	23622248
MIRT022440	hsa-miR-124-3p	PAR-CLIP	27292025
MIRT1138628	hsa-miR-1275	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138629	hsa-miR-1470	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138630	hsa-miR-188-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138631	hsa-miR-2110	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138632	hsa-miR-219-2-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138633	hsa-miR-223	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138634	hsa-miR-23a	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138635	hsa-miR-23b	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138636	hsa-miR-23c	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138637	hsa-miR-2467-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138638	hsa-miR-3148	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138639	hsa-miR-3151	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138640	hsa-miR-3192	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138641	hsa-miR-3199	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138642	hsa-miR-326	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138643	hsa-miR-330-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138644	hsa-miR-4260	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138645	hsa-miR-4265	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138646	hsa-miR-4271	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138647	hsa-miR-4286	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138648	hsa-miR-4296	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138649	hsa-miR-4314	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138650	hsa-miR-4322	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138651	hsa-miR-4328	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138652	hsa-miR-4447	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138653	hsa-miR-4472	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138654	hsa-miR-4525	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138655	hsa-miR-4646-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138656	hsa-miR-4646-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138657	hsa-miR-4665-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138658	hsa-miR-4667-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138659	hsa-miR-4668-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138660	hsa-miR-4723-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138661	hsa-miR-4725-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138662	hsa-miR-4780	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138663	hsa-miR-491-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138664	hsa-miR-623	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138665	hsa-miR-625	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138666	hsa-miR-760	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138667	hsa-miR-124	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138628	hsa-miR-1275	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138631	hsa-miR-2110	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138632	hsa-miR-219-2-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138633	hsa-miR-223	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138638	hsa-miR-3148	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138639	hsa-miR-3151	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138640	hsa-miR-3192	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138641	hsa-miR-3199	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138642	hsa-miR-326	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138643	hsa-miR-330-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138645	hsa-miR-4265	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138646	hsa-miR-4271	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138648	hsa-miR-4296	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138649	hsa-miR-4314	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138650	hsa-miR-4322	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138651	hsa-miR-4328	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138652	hsa-miR-4447	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138653	hsa-miR-4472	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138656	hsa-miR-4646-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138657	hsa-miR-4665-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138659	hsa-miR-4668-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138661	hsa-miR-4725-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138663	hsa-miR-491-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138668	hsa-miR-506	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138665	hsa-miR-625	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138666	hsa-miR-760	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138669	hsa-miR-939	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138628	hsa-miR-1275	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138631	hsa-miR-2110	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138632	hsa-miR-219-2-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138633	hsa-miR-223	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138638	hsa-miR-3148	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138639	hsa-miR-3151	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138640	hsa-miR-3192	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138641	hsa-miR-3199	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138642	hsa-miR-326	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138643	hsa-miR-330-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138645	hsa-miR-4265	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138646	hsa-miR-4271	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138648	hsa-miR-4296	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138649	hsa-miR-4314	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138650	hsa-miR-4322	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138651	hsa-miR-4328	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138652	hsa-miR-4447	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138653	hsa-miR-4472	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138656	hsa-miR-4646-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138657	hsa-miR-4665-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138659	hsa-miR-4668-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138661	hsa-miR-4725-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138663	hsa-miR-491-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138665	hsa-miR-625	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138666	hsa-miR-760	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138669	hsa-miR-939	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138667	hsa-miR-124	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138628	hsa-miR-1275	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138631	hsa-miR-2110	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138632	hsa-miR-219-2-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138634	hsa-miR-23a	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138635	hsa-miR-23b	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138636	hsa-miR-23c	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138639	hsa-miR-3151	CLIP-seq
MIRT2269416	hsa-miR-3189-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138640	hsa-miR-3192	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138641	hsa-miR-3199	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138642	hsa-miR-326	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138643	hsa-miR-330-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138645	hsa-miR-4265	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138646	hsa-miR-4271	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138648	hsa-miR-4296	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138649	hsa-miR-4314	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138650	hsa-miR-4322	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138652	hsa-miR-4447	CLIP-seq
MIRT2269417	hsa-miR-4448	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138653	hsa-miR-4472	CLIP-seq
MIRT2269418	hsa-miR-4642	CLIP-seq
MIRT2269419	hsa-miR-4645-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138656	hsa-miR-4646-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138657	hsa-miR-4665-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2269420	hsa-miR-4673	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138661	hsa-miR-4725-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2269421	hsa-miR-4733-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138663	hsa-miR-491-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138668	hsa-miR-506	CLIP-seq
MIRT2269422	hsa-miR-541	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138665	hsa-miR-625	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138666	hsa-miR-760	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138669	hsa-miR-939	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138628	hsa-miR-1275	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138629	hsa-miR-1470	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138630	hsa-miR-188-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138634	hsa-miR-23a	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138635	hsa-miR-23b	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138636	hsa-miR-23c	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138637	hsa-miR-2467-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138644	hsa-miR-4260	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138647	hsa-miR-4286	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138654	hsa-miR-4525	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138655	hsa-miR-4646-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138657	hsa-miR-4665-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138658	hsa-miR-4667-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138660	hsa-miR-4723-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138662	hsa-miR-4780	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138664	hsa-miR-623	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138665	hsa-miR-625	CLIP-seq
MIRT2269416	hsa-miR-3189-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2269417	hsa-miR-4448	CLIP-seq
MIRT2269418	hsa-miR-4642	CLIP-seq
MIRT2269419	hsa-miR-4645-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2269420	hsa-miR-4673	CLIP-seq
MIRT2269421	hsa-miR-4733-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138628	hsa-miR-1275	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138629	hsa-miR-1470	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138630	hsa-miR-188-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138634	hsa-miR-23a	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138635	hsa-miR-23b	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138636	hsa-miR-23c	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138637	hsa-miR-2467-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138639	hsa-miR-3151	CLIP-seq
MIRT2269416	hsa-miR-3189-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138644	hsa-miR-4260	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138647	hsa-miR-4286	CLIP-seq
MIRT2269417	hsa-miR-4448	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138654	hsa-miR-4525	CLIP-seq
MIRT2269418	hsa-miR-4642	CLIP-seq
MIRT2269419	hsa-miR-4645-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138655	hsa-miR-4646-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138657	hsa-miR-4665-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138658	hsa-miR-4667-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2269420	hsa-miR-4673	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138660	hsa-miR-4723-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2269421	hsa-miR-4733-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138662	hsa-miR-4780	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138664	hsa-miR-623	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138665	hsa-miR-625	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138669	hsa-miR-939	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138628	hsa-miR-1275	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138629	hsa-miR-1470	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138630	hsa-miR-188-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138634	hsa-miR-23a	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138635	hsa-miR-23b	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138636	hsa-miR-23c	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138637	hsa-miR-2467-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138639	hsa-miR-3151	CLIP-seq
MIRT2269416	hsa-miR-3189-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138644	hsa-miR-4260	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138647	hsa-miR-4286	CLIP-seq
MIRT2269417	hsa-miR-4448	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138654	hsa-miR-4525	CLIP-seq
MIRT2269418	hsa-miR-4642	CLIP-seq
MIRT2269419	hsa-miR-4645-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138655	hsa-miR-4646-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138657	hsa-miR-4665-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138658	hsa-miR-4667-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2269420	hsa-miR-4673	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138660	hsa-miR-4723-5p	CLIP-seq
MIRT2269421	hsa-miR-4733-3p	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138662	hsa-miR-4780	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138664	hsa-miR-623	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138665	hsa-miR-625	CLIP-seq
MIRT1138669	hsa-miR-939	CLIP-seq

Gene ontology (GO)

GO ID	Ontology	Definition	Evidence	Reference
GO:0002232	Process	Leukocyte chemotaxis involved in inflammatory response	IMP	10683378
GO:0002232	Process	Leukocyte chemotaxis involved in inflammatory response	ISS
GO:0002286	Process	T cell activation involved in immune response	ISS
GO:0002690	Process	Positive regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis	ISS
GO:0005515	Function	Protein binding	IPI	10212223, 10772929, 12084985, 12147681, 12573468, 15466886, 18469519, 32296183
GO:0005576	Component	Extracellular region	TAS
GO:0007010	Process	Cytoskeleton organization	ISS
GO:0007162	Process	Negative regulation of cell adhesion	ISS
GO:0007165	Process	Signal transduction	NAS	7835084
GO:0007219	Process	Notch signaling pathway	TAS
GO:0007399	Process	Nervous system development	NAS	9384573
GO:0008083	Function	Growth factor activity	IBA	21873635
GO:0008083	Function	Growth factor activity	NAS	1639750
GO:0008201	Function	Heparin binding	IDA	9384573
GO:0009611	Process	Response to wounding	ISS
GO:0010667	Process	Negative regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process	IMP	19060126
GO:0010667	Process	Negative regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process	ISS
GO:0010718	Process	Positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition	IMP	18469519
GO:0010759	Process	Positive regulation of macrophage chemotaxis	IMP	10683378
GO:0010759	Process	Positive regulation of macrophage chemotaxis	ISS
GO:0010838	Process	Positive regulation of keratinocyte proliferation	IDA	18469519
GO:0010976	Process	Positive regulation of neuron projection development	IDA	12084985
GO:0010976	Process	Positive regulation of neuron projection development	IMP	15466886
GO:0010996	Process	Response to auditory stimulus	ISS
GO:0030154	Process	Cell differentiation	NAS	1639750
GO:0030279	Process	Negative regulation of ossification	ISS
GO:0030325	Process	Adrenal gland development	ISS
GO:0030335	Process	Positive regulation of cell migration	IDA	15466886
GO:0032330	Process	Regulation of chondrocyte differentiation	ISS
GO:0032735	Process	Positive regulation of interleukin-12 production	IMP	22323540
GO:0035374	Function	Chondroitin sulfate binding	ISS
GO:0042246	Process	Tissue regeneration	ISS
GO:0043524	Process	Negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process	IDA	12573468
GO:0044849	Process	Estrous cycle	ISS
GO:0045582	Process	Positive regulation of T cell differentiation	ISS
GO:0045590	Process	Negative regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation	IMP	22323540
GO:0045785	Process	Positive regulation of cell adhesion	IDA	12084985
GO:0046850	Process	Regulation of bone remodeling	ISS
GO:0048477	Process	Oogenesis	ISS
GO:0048714	Process	Positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation	IDA	27445335
GO:0050729	Process	Positive regulation of inflammatory response	IMP	22323540
GO:0051781	Process	Positive regulation of cell division	IEA
GO:0061036	Process	Positive regulation of cartilage development	ISS
GO:0062023	Component	Collagen-containing extracellular matrix	HDA	28327460
GO:0071673	Process	Positive regulation of smooth muscle cell chemotaxis	IMP	10683378
GO:0090023	Process	Positive regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis	ISS
GO:0090090	Process	Negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway	ISS
GO:0106015	Process	Negative regulation of inflammatory response to wounding	ISS
GO:0106016	Process	Positive regulation of inflammatory response to wounding	ISS
GO:0106091	Process	Glial cell projection elongation	ISS
GO:1900026	Process	Positive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading	ISS
GO:1903039	Process	Positive regulation of leukocyte cell-cell adhesion	IMP	24458438
GO:1904036	Process	Negative regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic process	ISS
GO:1904399	Function	Heparan sulfate binding	IDA	12084985
GO:1904996	Process	Positive regulation of leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelial cell	ISS
GO:1905555	Process	Positive regulation of blood vessel branching	IMP	19060126
GO:1905564	Process	Positive regulation of vascular endothelial cell proliferation	ISS
GO:1905653	Process	Positive regulation of artery morphogenesis	ISS
GO:2000179	Process	Positive regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation	ISS
GO:2000249	Process	Regulation of actin cytoskeleton reorganization	IDA	18469519
GO:2000347	Process	Positive regulation of hepatocyte proliferation	ISS
GO:2000391	Process	Positive regulation of neutrophil extravasation	ISS
GO:2001224	Process	Positive regulation of neuron migration	IMP	10212223

Other IDs

• MIM: 162096
• HGNC: 6972
• e!Ensembl: ENSG00000110492

Protein

• UniProt ID: P21741
• Protein name: Midkine (MK) (Amphiregulin-associated protein) (ARAP) (Midgestation and kidney protein) (Neurite outgrowth-promoting factor 2) (Neurite outgrowth-promoting protein)
• Protein function: Secreted protein that functions as a cytokine and growth factor and mediates its signal through cell-surface proteoglycan and non-proteoglycan receptors (PubMed:10212223, PubMed:10772929, PubMed:12084985, PubMed:12122009, PubMed:12573468, PubMed
• PDB: 1MKC, 1MKN
• Family and domains:

  Pfam

  Accession	ID	Position in sequence	Description	Type
  PF05196	PTN_MK_N	24 → 80	PTN/MK heparin-binding protein family, N-terminal domain	Domain
  PF01091	PTN_MK_C	81 → 142	PTN/MK heparin-binding protein family, C-terminal domain	Domain

• Sequence:

  MQHRGFLLLTLLALLALTSAVAKKKDKVKKGGPGSECAEWAWGPCTPSSKDCGVGFREGT
  CGAQTQRIRCRVPCNWKKEFGADCKYKFENWGACDGGTGTKVRQGTLKKARYNAQCQETI
  RVTKPCTPKTKAKAKAKKGKGKD

• Sequence length: 143

Pathways

Reactome:

NOTCH2 Activation and Transmission of Signal to the Nucleus

Associated diseases

Causal
Disease name	Disease term	dbSNP ID	References
Glioma	Glioma, mixed gliomas, Malignant Glioma	rs121909219, rs121909224, rs587776667, rs587776671, rs121909239, rs121909241, rs28933368, rs121913500, rs55863639, rs786201995, rs786202517, rs786201044, rs398123317, rs1057518425, rs121913499, rs1060500122, rs781647403, rs1060500126, rs1554897889, rs1114167629, rs1114167656, rs587782603, rs1554893824, rs1554900615, rs1564568660, rs786204900, rs762518389, rs1339631701	21233844
Schizophrenia	Schizophrenia	rs74315508, rs74315509, rs13447324, rs1558507406, rs387906932, rs387906933, rs863223354, rs863223355, rs776061422, rs863223349, rs748809996, rs759748655, rs863223353, rs863223350, rs863223356, rs781821239, rs863223348, rs863223346, rs863223347, rs863223351, rs863223352, rs61734270, rs797045205, rs869312829, rs869312830, rs770913157, rs869312832, rs869312831, rs781720548, rs1262969313	21747397, 28540026, 30285260

Unknown
Disease name	Disease term	dbSNP ID	References
Anxiety disorder	Anxiety Disorders, Anxiety States, Neurotic		19217924
Development disorder	Child Development Disorders, Pervasive		28540026
Diabetic nephropathy	Diabetic Nephropathy		17607302
Glomerulosclerosis	Nodular glomerulosclerosis		17607302
Malignant mesothelioma	Malignant mesothelioma		23056237
Memory disorders	Memory Disorders		19217924
Age-related memory disorders	Age-Related Memory Disorders		19217924