IL13 (interleukin 13)

Gene

• Entrez ID: 3596
• Gene name: Interleukin 13
• Gene symbol: IL13
• Synonyms: IL-13, P600
• Chromosome: 5
• Chromosome location: 5q31.1
• Summary: This gene encodes an immunoregulatory cytokine produced primarily by activated Th2 cells. This cytokine is involved in several stages of B-cell maturation and differentiation. It up-regulates CD23 and MHC class II expression, and promotes IgE isotype switching of B cells. This cytokine down-regulates macrophage activity, thereby inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. This cytokine is found to be critical to the pathogenesis of allergen-induced asthma but operates through mechanisms independent of IgE and eosinophils. This gene, IL3, IL5, IL4, and CSF2 form a cytokine gene cluster on chromosome 5q, with this gene particularly close to IL4. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

SNPs

SNP ID	Visualize variation	Clinical significance	Consequence
rs20541	A>C,G,T	Risk-factor	Coding sequence variant, missense variant

miRNA

miRTarBase ID	miRNA	Experiments	Reference
MIRT006397	hsa-miR-98-5p	Luciferase reporter assay, Reporter assay;Other	21616524
MIRT006398	hsa-let-7d-5p	Luciferase reporter assay, Reporter assay;Other	21616524
MIRT006399	hsa-let-7g-5p	Luciferase reporter assay, Reporter assay;Other	21616524
MIRT006400	hsa-let-7f-5p	Luciferase reporter assay, Reporter assay;Other	21616524
MIRT006401	hsa-let-7i-5p	Luciferase reporter assay, Reporter assay;Other	21616524

Transcription factors

Transcription factor	Regulation	Reference
AHR	Unknown	22981205
CEBPB	Unknown	22981205
E2F6	Unknown	22981205
STAT6	Unknown	12776189
TBX21	Repression	18504404;19348920

Gene ontology (GO)

GO ID	Ontology	Definition	Evidence	Reference
GO:0001774	Process	Microglial cell activation	IEA
GO:0002639	Process	Positive regulation of immunoglobulin production	IEA
GO:0005125	Function	Cytokine activity	IEA
GO:0005144	Function	Interleukin-13 receptor binding	IEA
GO:0005515	Function	Protein binding	IPI	18243101, 20223216, 23972995, 27629921
GO:0005576	Component	Extracellular region	IDA	20041150
GO:0005576	Component	Extracellular region	TAS
GO:0005615	Component	Extracellular space	ISS	16275384
GO:0005737	Component	Cytoplasm	IEA
GO:0006954	Process	Inflammatory response	IEA
GO:0006955	Process	Immune response	IEA
GO:0009897	Component	External side of plasma membrane	IEA
GO:0010155	Process	Regulation of proton transport	IEA
GO:0010628	Process	Positive regulation of gene expression	IGI	12574355
GO:0010628	Process	Positive regulation of gene expression	ISS
GO:0019221	Process	Cytokine-mediated signaling pathway	TAS
GO:0030890	Process	Positive regulation of B cell proliferation	IEA
GO:0032496	Process	Response to lipopolysaccharide	IEA
GO:0032723	Process	Positive regulation of connective tissue growth factor production	IEA
GO:0032733	Process	Positive regulation of interleukin-10 production	IGI	30634164
GO:0033861	Process	Negative regulation of NAD(P)H oxidase activity	IEA
GO:0035094	Process	Response to nicotine	IEA
GO:0042116	Process	Macrophage activation	IGI	30634164
GO:0042531	Process	Positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein	IEA
GO:0043032	Process	Positive regulation of macrophage activation	IEA
GO:0043306	Process	Positive regulation of mast cell degranulation	IEA
GO:0045471	Process	Response to ethanol	IEA
GO:0048661	Process	Positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation	IEA
GO:0050714	Process	Positive regulation of protein secretion	IEA
GO:0050728	Process	Negative regulation of inflammatory response	IGI	30634164
GO:0051281	Process	Positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol	IEA
GO:0071260	Process	Cellular response to mechanical stimulus	IEA
GO:0071635	Process	Negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta production	IEA
GO:0120162	Process	Positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis	ISS	24906148
GO:1901215	Process	Negative regulation of neuron death	IEA
GO:1901247	Process	Negative regulation of lung ciliated cell differentiation	NAS	20539013
GO:1901251	Process	Positive regulation of lung goblet cell differentiation	NAS	20539013
GO:1903660	Process	Negative regulation of complement-dependent cytotoxicity	IMP	16034134
GO:2000231	Process	Positive regulation of pancreatic stellate cell proliferation	IEA
GO:2000352	Process	Negative regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process	IMP	16034134

Other IDs

• MIM: 147683
• HGNC: 5973
• e!Ensembl: ENSG00000169194

Protein

• UniProt ID: P35225
• Protein name: Interleukin-13 (IL-13)
• Protein function: Cytokine (PubMed:8096327, PubMed:8097324). Inhibits inflammatory cytokine production (PubMed:8096327). Synergizes with IL2 in regulating interferon-gamma synthesis (PubMed:8096327). May be critical in regulating inflammatory and immune responses (PubMed:8096327, PubMed:8097324). Positively regulates IL31RA expression in macrophages (By similarity).
• PDB: 1GA3, 1IJZ, 1IK0, 1J9U, 3BPO, 3G6D, 3ITR, 3ITS, 3L5W, 3L5X, 3LB6, 4I77, 4PS4, 5E4E, 5L6Y
• Family and domains:

  Pfam

  Accession	ID	Position in sequence	Description	Type
  PF03487	IL13	16 → 144	Interleukin-13	Domain

• Sequence:

  MHPLLNPLLLALGLMALLLTTVIALTCLGGFASPGPVPPSTALRELIEELVNITQNQKAP
  LCNGSMVWSINLTAGMYCAALESLINVSGCSAIEKTQRMLSGFCPHKVSAGQFSSLHVRD
  TKIEVAQFVKDLLLHLKKLFREGRFN

• Sequence length: 146

Pathways

KEGG:

Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
JAK-STAT signaling pathway
IL-17 signaling pathway
Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation
Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway
Pathways in cancer
Asthma
Inflammatory bowel disease

Reactome:

Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-13 signaling
Interleukin-18 signaling

Associated diseases

Causal
Disease name	Disease term	dbSNP ID	References
Autism	Autistic Disorder	rs121964908, rs121912597, rs2710102, rs7794745, rs-1, rs142990298, rs62643608, rs181327458, rs797046134, rs869312704, rs1555013332, rs876657679, rs1057518999, rs1057518658, rs771827120, rs1555187899, rs773080572, rs753871454, rs1684130791, rs1684180699, rs1553510219, rs1684182454, rs1559060428, rs1553510677, rs1576352885, rs1574152522, rs1574152672, rs1696658542, rs1751123722, rs1750373491, rs1751075634	16360218
Asthma	Asthma, Childhood asthma	rs324981, rs121912630, rs150116809, rs4950928, rs708494, rs1581842283	22561531, 20860503, 21907864, 29273806, 22867017
Papillary renal carcinoma	Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma	rs5030823, rs2137087134, rs121913668, rs121913669, rs121913670, rs121913671, rs121913673, rs121913243, rs786202724	22317767
Chromophobe carcinoma	Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma	rs-1	22317767
Pulmonary fibrosis	Pulmonary Fibrosis	rs121918666, rs199422300, rs121917737, rs121917834, rs199422294, rs201159197, rs199422297, rs199422305, rs751381953, rs876661305, rs878853260, rs863223336, rs786205702, rs1555811762, rs1060502990, rs1555903332, rs1554038539, rs1554042899, rs938938578	15322207
Multiple sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis	rs104895219, rs-1, rs483353022, rs483353023, rs483353028, rs483353029, rs483353024, rs483353030, rs3207617, rs483353031, rs483353032, rs483353033, rs483353034, rs483353035, rs483353036, rs483353039, rs483353038, rs61731956, rs568165874, rs767480544	22190364
Renal carcinoma	Renal Cell Carcinoma, Conventional (Clear Cell) Renal Cell Carcinoma, Sarcomatoid Renal Cell Carcinoma, Collecting Duct Carcinoma of the Kidney	rs121913668, rs121913670, rs121913243, rs786202724	22317767
Psoriasis	Psoriasis	rs-1, rs281875215, rs587777763, rs281875213, rs281875212	20953190, 19169254, 23143594, 26626624, 25903422, 20953187
Dermatitis	Dermatitis, Dermatitis, Atopic	rs61816761, rs150597413, rs138726443, rs201356558, rs149484917, rs372754256, rs747301529, rs567795279, rs745915174	31330126, 22355542, 23886662, 25574825, 18249437

Unknown
Disease name	Disease term	dbSNP ID	References
Allergic rhinitis	Allergic rhinitis (disorder)
Alopecia areata	Alopecia Areata		25608926
Alveolitis	Alveolitis, Fibrosing		15322207
Bronchial hyperreactivity	Bronchial Hyperreactivity		12654629, 23434795
Autoimmune hepatitis	Autoimmune Chronic Hepatitis		21227906
Eczema	Eczema, Eczema, Infantile		30595370, 22355542, 18249437
Hodgkin disease	Hodgkin Disease		24920014, 22286212
Lung diseases	Lung diseases		22355542
Palmoplantar pustules	Pustulosis of Palms and Soles		20953190, 19169254
Psoriasis vulgaris	Psoriasis vulgaris		26626624
Sinusitis	Sinusitis		20358028