GSTM2 (glutathione S-transferase mu 2)

Gene

• Entrez ID: 2946
• Gene name: Glutathione S-transferase mu 2
• Gene symbol: GSTM2
• Synonyms: GST4, GSTM, GSTM2-2, GTHMUS
• Chromosome: 1
• Chromosome location: 1p13.3
• Summary: Cytosolic and membrane-bound forms of glutathione S-transferase are encoded by two distinct supergene families. At present, eight distinct classes of the soluble cytoplasmic mammalian glutathione S-transferases have been identified: alpha, kappa, mu, omega, pi, sigma, theta and zeta. This gene encodes a glutathione S-transferase that belongs to the mu class. The mu class of enzymes functions in the detoxification of electrophilic compounds, including carcinogens, therapeutic drugs, environmental toxins and products of oxidative stress, by conjugation with glutathione. The genes encoding the mu class of enzymes are organized in a gene cluster on chromosome 1p13.3 and are known to be highly polymorphic. These genetic variations can change an individual`s susceptibility to carcinogens and toxins as well as affect the toxicity and efficacy of certain drugs. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

miRNA

miRTarBase ID	miRNA	Experiments	Reference
MIRT025057	hsa-miR-181a-5p	Microarray	17612493

Gene ontology (GO)

GO ID	Ontology	Definition	Evidence	Reference
GO:0004364	Function	Glutathione transferase activity	IBA	21873635
GO:0004364	Function	Glutathione transferase activity	IDA	2034681, 8373352, 16549767
GO:0004602	Function	Glutathione peroxidase activity	IDA	16624487
GO:0005102	Function	Signaling receptor binding	IPI	22406107
GO:0005504	Function	Fatty acid binding	IPI	16624487
GO:0005515	Function	Protein binding	IPI	24965446, 28514442, 32296183
GO:0005737	Component	Cytoplasm	IDA	2034681, 8373352
GO:0005829	Component	Cytosol	IDA
GO:0005829	Component	Cytosol	TAS
GO:0006749	Process	Glutathione metabolic process	IBA	21873635
GO:0006749	Process	Glutathione metabolic process	IDA	2034681, 8373352, 16549767
GO:0010880	Process	Regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol by sarcoplasmic reticulum	IDA	17023043
GO:0010881	Process	Regulation of cardiac muscle contraction by regulation of the release of sequestered calcium ion	IC	17023043, 22406107
GO:0014809	Process	Regulation of skeletal muscle contraction by regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion	IC	17023043
GO:0016529	Component	Sarcoplasmic reticulum	IDA	22406107
GO:0018916	Process	Nitrobenzene metabolic process	IDA	2034681, 8373352
GO:0019899	Function	Enzyme binding	IPI	8373352
GO:0042178	Process	Xenobiotic catabolic process	IDA	2034681, 8373352, 16549767
GO:0042803	Function	Protein homodimerization activity	IPI	8373352
GO:0043295	Function	Glutathione binding	IDA	2034681, 8373352
GO:0043651	Process	Linoleic acid metabolic process	IDA	16624487
GO:0045171	Component	Intercellular bridge	IDA
GO:0051122	Process	Hepoxilin biosynthetic process	IDA	21046276
GO:0055119	Process	Relaxation of cardiac muscle	TAS	21323602
GO:0060315	Process	Negative regulation of ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel activity	IDA	17023043, 22406107
GO:0060316	Process	Positive regulation of ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel activity	IDA	17023043
GO:0070062	Component	Extracellular exosome	HDA	19056867, 23533145
GO:0070458	Process	Cellular detoxification of nitrogen compound	IDA	2034681, 8373352
GO:0071313	Process	Cellular response to caffeine	IDA	22406107
GO:0098869	Process	Cellular oxidant detoxification	IEA
GO:1901687	Process	Glutathione derivative biosynthetic process	TAS

Other IDs

• MIM: 138380
• HGNC: 4634
• e!Ensembl: ENSG00000213366

Protein

• UniProt ID: P28161
• Protein name: Glutathione S-transferase Mu 2 (EC 2.5.1.18) (GST class-mu 2) (GSTM2-2)
• Protein function: Conjugation of reduced glutathione to a wide number of exogenous and endogenous hydrophobic electrophiles. Participates in the formation of novel hepoxilin regioisomers (PubMed:21046276).
• PDB: 1HNA, 1HNB, 1HNC, 1XW5, 1YKC, 2AB6, 2C4J, 2GTU, 3GTU, 3GUR, 5HWL
• Family and domains:

  Pfam

  Accession	ID	Position in sequence	Description	Type
  PF02798	GST_N	3 → 82	Glutathione S-transferase, N-terminal domain	Domain
  PF00043	GST_C	104 → 192	Glutathione S-transferase, C-terminal domain	Domain

• Sequence:

  MPMTLGYWNIRGLAHSIRLLLEYTDSSYEEKKYTMGDAPDYDRSQWLNEKFKLGLDFPNL
  PYLIDGTHKITQSNAILRYIARKHNLCGESEKEQIREDILENQFMDSRMQLAKLCYDPDF
  EKLKPEYLQALPEMLKLYSQFLGKQPWFLGDKITFVDFIAYDVLERNQVFEPSCLDAFPN
  LKDFISRFEGLEKISAYMKSSRFLPRPVFTKMAVWGNK

• Sequence length: 218

Pathways

KEGG:

Glutathione metabolism
Metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450
Drug metabolism - cytochrome P450
Drug metabolism - other enzymes
Metabolic pathways
Platinum drug resistance
Pathways in cancer
Chemical carcinogenesis - DNA adducts
Chemical carcinogenesis - receptor activation
Chemical carcinogenesis - reactive oxygen species
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis

Reactome:

Glutathione conjugation

Associated diseases

Causal
Disease name	Disease term	dbSNP ID	References
Breast carcinoma	Breast Carcinoma	rs80359671, rs11540652, rs28934575, rs28897672, rs137886232, rs193922376, rs80357783, rs80359306, rs80359405, rs80359507, rs80359598, rs80358429, rs397507683, rs397515636, rs80359451, rs397507859, rs80359709, rs80359742, rs80359205, rs80357627, rs80357004, rs80357571, rs80357767, rs80357653, rs80358086, rs80357608, rs28897696, rs41293465, rs146650273, rs63751017, rs63750617, rs63750726, rs63750199, rs63749848, rs398122618, rs398122653, rs397509211, rs80357791, rs121912666, rs587778541, rs121908698, rs536907995, rs587781302, rs140342925, rs587781506, rs587782652, rs587782849, rs587783057, rs139770721, rs374950566, rs786202800, rs863224451, rs377153250, rs747727055, rs876658804, rs780001540, rs760815829, rs878854926, rs775248597, rs886040658, rs886040192, rs786203523, rs886040319, rs397508006, rs587782011, rs1060502772, rs1555461727, rs1553333072, rs1114167702, rs1257401983, rs886040950, rs1060502759, rs774684620, rs142947311, rs1555580883, rs748513310, rs376170600, rs863224499, rs1593909229, rs748453607, rs1294578913, rs1574737047, rs1593909960, rs2081922847, rs2082559544, rs2053694038	29059683
Schizophrenia	Schizophrenia	rs74315508, rs74315509, rs13447324, rs1558507406, rs387906932, rs387906933, rs-1, rs863223354, rs863223355, rs776061422, rs863223349, rs748809996, rs759748655, rs863223353, rs863223350, rs863223356, rs781821239, rs863223348, rs863223346, rs863223347, rs863223351, rs863223352, rs61734270, rs797045205, rs869312829, rs869312830, rs770913157, rs869312832, rs869312831, rs781720548, rs1262969313	22874804
Lung carcinoma	Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma	rs1805076, rs121909071, rs121913530, rs112445441, rs121913529, rs121913535, rs121913297, rs121913279, rs104886003, rs397516975, rs11554290, rs121913364, rs121913351, rs121913369, rs121913355, rs121912470, rs121913273, rs121913281, rs121913348, rs727503093, rs121913353, rs397516890, rs397516896, rs121913378, rs397516897, rs397516977, rs397516978, rs397516979, rs397516980, rs397516981, rs397516982, rs121913240, rs17851045, rs397517086, rs121913428, rs397517094, rs397517098, rs397517106, rs121913465, rs397517108, rs397517111, rs397517112, rs397517114, rs397517116, rs1554350366, rs397517127, rs397517200, rs397517202, rs121913283, rs121913370, rs121913357, rs727503106, rs121913238, rs727503108, rs397517040, rs397516976, rs1555618025, rs1057519729, rs-1, rs1584238193	19900515

Unknown
Disease name	Disease term	dbSNP ID	References
Degenerative diseases, central nervous system	Degenerative Diseases, Central Nervous System, Degenerative Diseases, Spinal Cord		15964507
Down syndrome	Down Syndrome, Down Syndrome, Partial Trisomy 21		11771762
Kidney failure	Kidney Failure, Acute		20623750
Myocardial ischemia	Myocardial Ischemia		16214533
Neurodegenerative disorders	Neurodegenerative Disorders		15964507
Acute kidney insufficiency	Acute Kidney Insufficiency		20623750
Trisomy 21	Trisomy 21, Meiotic Nondisjunction, Trisomy 21, Mitotic Nondisjunction		11771762