FGG (fibrinogen gamma chain)

Gene

• Entrez ID: 2266
• Gene name: Fibrinogen gamma chain
• Gene symbol: FGG
• Synonyms: -
• Chromosome: 4
• Chromosome location: 4q32.1
• Summary: The protein encoded by this gene is the gamma component of fibrinogen, a blood-borne glycoprotein comprised of three pairs of nonidentical polypeptide chains. Following vascular injury, fibrinogen is cleaved by thrombin to form fibrin which is the most ab

SNPs

SNP ID	Visualize variation	Clinical significance	Consequence
rs6063	C>T	Likely-benign, uncertain-significance, pathogenic	Coding sequence variant, missense variant
rs78257946	C>T	Likely-pathogenic	Missense variant, coding sequence variant
rs121913087	G>A	Other, pathogenic	Missense variant, coding sequence variant
rs121913088	C>T	Other, pathogenic	Missense variant, coding sequence variant
rs138511699	G>A,C	Likely-pathogenic	Missense variant, coding sequence variant
rs148685782	G>C	Likely-benign, pathogenic, likely-pathogenic	Coding sequence variant, missense variant
rs587776837	C>T	Pathogenic, likely-pathogenic	Intron variant
rs587776838	C>T	Pathogenic	Intron variant
rs587776839	T>A	Pathogenic	Intron variant
rs587777720	A>G	Pathogenic	Missense variant, coding sequence variant
rs1310452604	C>A	Likely-pathogenic	Missense variant, coding sequence variant
rs1414035000	A>-	Likely-pathogenic	Coding sequence variant, frameshift variant
rs1553965519	C>T	Pathogenic	Stop gained, coding sequence variant
rs1560833290	C>-,CC	Likely-pathogenic	Frameshift variant, coding sequence variant
rs1578810856	A>T	Pathogenic	Intron variant
rs1578812509	T>A	Pathogenic	Coding sequence variant, stop gained

miRNA

miRTarBase ID	miRNA	Experiments	Reference
MIRT005519	hsa-miR-409-3p	ELISA, Flow, Luciferase reporter assay	20570858
MIRT005521	hsa-miR-29a-3p	ELISA, Flow, Luciferase reporter assay	20570858
MIRT005522	hsa-miR-29b-3p	ELISA, Flow, Luciferase reporter assay	20570858
MIRT005523	hsa-miR-144-3p	ELISA, Flow, Luciferase reporter assay	20570858
MIRT005525	hsa-miR-29c-3p	Luciferase reporter assay	20570858
MIRT005523	hsa-miR-144-3p	Luciferase reporter assay	20570858
MIRT005521	hsa-miR-29a-3p	Luciferase reporter assay	20570858
MIRT005522	hsa-miR-29b-3p	Luciferase reporter assay	20570858
MIRT005525	hsa-miR-29c-3p	Luciferase reporter assay	20570858
MIRT716822	hsa-miR-188-5p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT716821	hsa-miR-6866-3p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT716819	hsa-miR-4645-5p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT716820	hsa-miR-4673	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT716818	hsa-miR-4780	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT716817	hsa-miR-6780b-3p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT716816	hsa-miR-4786-5p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT716815	hsa-miR-769-5p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT716814	hsa-miR-5008-5p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT716813	hsa-miR-6089	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT716812	hsa-miR-4755-3p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT716811	hsa-miR-623	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT716810	hsa-miR-3672	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT716809	hsa-miR-6864-3p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT716808	hsa-miR-6765-5p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT716807	hsa-miR-1304-5p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT716822	hsa-miR-188-5p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT716821	hsa-miR-6866-3p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT716819	hsa-miR-4645-5p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT716820	hsa-miR-4673	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT716818	hsa-miR-4780	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT716817	hsa-miR-6780b-3p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT716816	hsa-miR-4786-5p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT716815	hsa-miR-769-5p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT716814	hsa-miR-5008-5p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT716813	hsa-miR-6089	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT716812	hsa-miR-4755-3p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT716811	hsa-miR-623	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT716810	hsa-miR-3672	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT716809	hsa-miR-6864-3p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT716808	hsa-miR-6765-5p	HITS-CLIP	19536157
MIRT716807	hsa-miR-1304-5p	HITS-CLIP	19536157

Transcription factors

Transcription factor	Regulation	Reference
STAT3	Activation	11460505

Gene ontology (GO)

GO ID	Ontology	Definition	Evidence	Reference
GO:0002224	Process	Toll-like receptor signaling pathway	TAS
GO:0002576	Process	Platelet degranulation	TAS
GO:0005102	Function	Signaling receptor binding	IBA	21873635
GO:0005102	Function	Signaling receptor binding	IPI	7822297
GO:0005198	Function	Structural molecule activity	IDA	8910396
GO:0005201	Function	Extracellular matrix structural constituent	HDA	28344315
GO:0005201	Function	Extracellular matrix structural constituent	RCA	25037231, 28327460, 28675934
GO:0005515	Function	Protein binding	IPI	10788510, 21546586, 26627825
GO:0005576	Component	Extracellular region	TAS
GO:0005577	Component	Fibrinogen complex	IDA	6451630, 8470043, 8910396, 16846481, 18676163
GO:0005615	Component	Extracellular space	HDA	16502470
GO:0005615	Component	Extracellular space	IBA	21873635
GO:0005615	Component	Extracellular space	IDA	6777381
GO:0005788	Component	Endoplasmic reticulum lumen	TAS
GO:0005886	Component	Plasma membrane	TAS
GO:0007160	Process	Cell-matrix adhesion	IBA	21873635
GO:0007160	Process	Cell-matrix adhesion	IDA	10903502
GO:0007596	Process	Blood coagulation	TAS
GO:0009306	Process	Protein secretion	IMP	18676163
GO:0009897	Component	External side of plasma membrane	IDA	6777381
GO:0009986	Component	Cell surface	IDA	6777381
GO:0030198	Process	Extracellular matrix organization	TAS
GO:0031091	Component	Platelet alpha granule	IDA	6777381
GO:0031093	Component	Platelet alpha granule lumen	TAS
GO:0031639	Process	Plasminogen activation	IDA	16846481
GO:0034116	Process	Positive regulation of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion	IDA	8100742
GO:0034622	Process	Cellular protein-containing complex assembly	IDA	8910396
GO:0042730	Process	Fibrinolysis	IDA	16846481
GO:0043687	Process	Post-translational protein modification	TAS
GO:0044267	Process	Cellular protein metabolic process	TAS
GO:0045907	Process	Positive regulation of vasoconstriction	IDA	15739255
GO:0045921	Process	Positive regulation of exocytosis	IDA	19193866
GO:0046872	Function	Metal ion binding	IEA
GO:0050714	Process	Positive regulation of protein secretion	IDA	19193866
GO:0050839	Function	Cell adhesion molecule binding	IPI	7822297
GO:0051258	Process	Protein polymerization	IMP	12706644
GO:0051592	Process	Response to calcium ion	IDA	6777381
GO:0062023	Component	Collagen-containing extracellular matrix	HDA	25037231, 28327460, 28344315, 28675934
GO:0062023	Component	Collagen-containing extracellular matrix	IBA	21873635
GO:0070062	Component	Extracellular exosome	HDA	19056867, 23533145
GO:0070374	Process	Positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	IDA	10903502, 19193866
GO:0070527	Process	Platelet aggregation	IBA	21873635
GO:0070527	Process	Platelet aggregation	IDA	6281794
GO:0072378	Process	Blood coagulation, fibrin clot formation	IBA	21873635
GO:0072378	Process	Blood coagulation, fibrin clot formation	IDA	16846481
GO:0072378	Process	Blood coagulation, fibrin clot formation	IMP	11001902
GO:0072562	Component	Blood microparticle	HDA	22516433
GO:0090277	Process	Positive regulation of peptide hormone secretion	IDA	19193866
GO:1900026	Process	Positive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading	NAS	24041635
GO:1902042	Process	Negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors	IDA	10903502
GO:2000352	Process	Negative regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process	IDA	10903502

Other IDs

• MIM: 134850
• HGNC: 3694
• e!Ensembl: ENSG00000171557

Protein

• UniProt ID: P02679
• Protein name: Fibrinogen gamma chain
• Protein function: Together with fibrinogen alpha (FGA) and fibrinogen beta (FGB), polymerizes to form an insoluble fibrin matrix. Has a major function in hemostasis as one of the primary components of blood clots. In addition, functions during the early stages of
• PDB: 1DUG, 1FIB, 1FIC, 1FID, 1FZA, 1FZB, 1FZC, 1FZE, 1FZF, 1FZG, 1LT9, 1LTJ, 1N86, 1N8E, 1RE3, 1RE4, 1RF0, 1RF1, 2A45, 2FFD, 2FIB, 2H43, 2HLO, 2HOD, 2HPC, 2HWL, 2OYH, 2OYI, 2Q9I, 2VDO, 2VDP, 2VDQ, 2VDR, 2VR3, 2XNX, 2XNY, 2Y7L, 2Z4E, 3BVH, 3E1I, 3FIB, 3GHG, 3H32, 3HUS, 4B60
• Family and domains:

  Pfam

  Accession	ID	Position in sequence	Description	Type
  PF08702	Fib_alpha	30 → 172	Fibrinogen alpha/beta chain family	Coiled-coil
  PF00147	Fibrinogen_C	175 → 415	Fibrinogen beta and gamma chains, C-terminal globular domain	Domain

• Sequence:

  MSWSLHPRNLILYFYALLFLSSTCVAYVATRDNCCILDERFGSYCPTTCGIADFLSTYQT
  KVDKDLQSLEDILHQVENKTSEVKQLIKAIQLTYNPDESSKPNMIDAATLKSRKMLEEIM
  KYEASILTHDSSIRYLQEIYNSNNQKIVNLKEKVAQLEAQCQEPCKDTVQIHDITGKDCQ
  DIANKGAKQSGLYFIKPLKANQQFLVYCEIDGSGNGWTVFQKRLDGSVDFKKNWIQYKEG
  FGHLSPTGTTEFWLGNEKIHLISTQSAIPYALRVELEDWNGRTSTADYAMFKVGPEADKY
  RLTYAYFAGGDAGDAFDGFDFGDDPSDKFFTSHNGMQFSTWDNDNDKFEGNCAEQDGSGW
  WMNKCHAGHLNGVYYQGGTYSKASTPNGYDNGIIWATWKTRWYSMKKTTMKIIPFNRLTI
  GEGQQHHLGGAKQVRPEHPAETEYDSLYPEDDL

• Sequence length: 453

Pathways

KEGG:

Complement and coagulation cascades
Platelet activation
Neutrophil extracellular trap formation
Staphylococcus aureus infection
Coronavirus disease - COVID-19

Reactome:

Platelet degranulation
Common Pathway of Fibrin Clot Formation
Integrin cell surface interactions
Integrin signaling
GRB2:SOS provides linkage to MAPK signaling for Integrins
p130Cas linkage to MAPK signaling for integrins
Regulation of Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) transport and uptake by Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Proteins (IGFBPs)
MAP2K and MAPK activation
Regulation of TLR by endogenous ligand
Signaling by moderate kinase activity BRAF mutants
Signaling by high-kinase activity BRAF mutants
Signaling by BRAF and RAF fusions
Paradoxical activation of RAF signaling by kinase inactive BRAF
Post-translational protein phosphorylation
Signaling downstream of RAS mutants

Associated diseases

Causal
Disease name	Disease term	dbSNP ID	References
Afibrinogenemia	Afibrinogenemia, Familial afibrinogenemia	rs121913087, rs121909625
Complement component deficiency	Complement Factor I (C3 inactivator) deficiency	rs387906509, rs1467298230, rs1022194067, rs774370086, rs121964922, rs372345940, rs121913052, rs121913053, rs460897, rs121913054, rs121913056, rs121913058, rs796052138, rs41286844, rs121909592, rs34000044, rs121909594, rs121909587, rs121909588, rs387906554, rs587776846, rs2135727106, rs460184, rs775967055, rs398122811, rs140813121, rs146187042, rs372968576, rs398122867, rs398122868, rs9332736, rs398124644, rs142881576, rs531103546, rs764871530, rs778518669, rs139491301, rs61469168, rs1554718962, rs1565789104, rs1579848888, rs779723422, rs867425110, rs770367814
Congenital afibrinogenemia	Congenital hypofibrinogenemia	rs121913088, rs587776837, rs587776838, rs587776839, rs121909621, rs121909622, rs606231223, rs606231224, rs121909624, rs121909625, rs146387238, rs606231225, rs755117226, rs1553965519, rs1578810856, rs1578785111, rs1578796476	25427968, 18676163, 11460507, 17295221, 30349899
Dysfibrinogenemia	Familial dysfibrinogenemia	rs121913087, rs121913088, rs121913091, rs121909606, rs121909607, rs146387238, rs762964798, rs1310452604, rs1578812509, rs1578783532
Gastric cancer	Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer	rs137854571, rs63751108, rs34612342, rs121908383, rs121909144, rs121909775, rs121909219, rs121909223, rs63750871, rs80359530, rs121964873, rs121913530, rs606231203, rs121918505, rs587776802, rs28933369, rs121912469, rs80358011, rs397507262, rs80359439, rs397507333, rs80359543, rs80358831, rs80359596, rs80358920, rs80358972, rs80359659, rs397507404, rs397514661, rs80359516, rs200495564, rs80358419, rs80359274, rs80359283, rs80358427, rs80358428, rs80358435, rs81002805, rs397507660, rs397507663, rs80359391, rs80359443, rs81002797, rs80359466, rs397507752, rs80359484, rs80359603, rs397507954, rs80359058, rs80359071, rs397507981, rs80359121, rs80357086, rs80357064, rs397508936, rs80357695, rs80357661, rs397509035, rs80357544, rs80357577, rs80357881, rs80357296, rs80356923, rs80356866, rs80357504, rs80357390, rs80357239, rs80358099, rs397509284, rs80357258, rs199474738, rs199474747, rs587779204, rs63750439, rs267608076, rs587779246, rs63749999, rs267608078, rs63751327, rs267607719, rs267607734, rs63750706, rs63751711, rs587779047, rs587779075, rs267607949, rs63750633, rs63750803, rs63751618, rs267608154, rs200640585, rs80358018, rs80357857, rs80357882, rs180177103, rs587779815, rs587779865, rs587779872, rs587780059, rs121912666, rs587780088, rs587780104, rs200432447, rs180177100, rs587780226, rs587780784, rs587776416, rs587781276, rs587781629, rs587781694, rs587781727, rs587781730, rs587781807, rs587781894, rs587781948, rs121913344, rs587782292, rs587782350, rs587782558, rs587782719, rs587782885, rs587783057, rs730881833, rs730881411, rs730881336, rs139770721, rs730881869, rs730881633, rs730882007, rs786203115, rs765123255, rs1553333738, rs762083530, rs786202800, rs17174393, rs55996097, rs750621215, rs786203451, rs747604569, rs764389018, rs786204433, rs786204862, rs772821016, rs779582317, rs863225406, rs193922343, rs759965045, rs63749919, rs760228510, rs746481984, rs762307622, rs876659736, rs876660933, rs747727055, rs1450394308, rs876658348, rs876658431, rs876659326, rs876660444, rs730881369, rs878853865, rs753862052, rs587780024, rs138941496, rs886040739, rs886040744, rs886040347, rs878854957, rs886040123, rs398122662, rs886040942, rs1057517104, rs1057516320, rs1057516683, rs879254046, rs1057517253, rs587781927, rs985033810, rs1057519989, rs775464903, rs374230313, rs758304323, rs1060501599, rs758081262, rs1060500126, rs1060502734, rs587776408, rs1060501695, rs1114167816, rs1114167596, rs1114167667, rs1555460315, rs1135402788, rs1554086196, rs730881919, rs773356478, rs769237459, rs1553653158, rs587782087, rs1555107263, rs1555119940, rs1403784434, rs1342519012, rs751710099, rs1553616361, rs1553619721, rs1270783041, rs775036118, rs1555288557, rs1555460548, rs1555461154, rs1298667185, rs1553622218, rs63751101, rs1349928568, rs771936821, rs1021662947, rs1555921011, rs81002831, rs1555124506, rs1555574803, rs1060502716, rs1555605362, rs747057367, rs1565385010, rs1567554500, rs1567516230, rs1558644995, rs1555591308, rs778306619, rs1566231194, rs1603328466, rs1570406302, rs1586108714, rs768362387, rs1597713777, rs1060502926, rs1597867185, rs1591517571, rs1591663236, rs1593903006, rs1555284779, rs1597096243, rs45459799, rs1597360340, rs587781905, rs864622481, rs1601753141, rs1966858562, rs1966967065, rs1967016153, rs1967113484, rs2080473458, rs1591387978, rs1224428422, rs1597747184, rs2082309297, rs2051929740, rs147542208	19424620
Hypofibrinogenemia	Hypofibrinogenemia, Familial hypofibrinogenemia	rs121913087, rs121913088, rs587776837, rs121909616, rs121909625, rs121909608, rs121909607, rs146387238, rs1578795296, rs1214070111, rs776817952, rs762964798, rs121909606, rs1414035000, rs1310452604	31064749

Unknown
Disease name	Disease term	dbSNP ID	References
Congenital dysfibrinogenemia	Dysfibrinogenemia, Congenital		3708159, 15632207, 2257302, 25320241, 2976995, 30349899
Fibrinogen deficiency	Fibrinogen Deficiency
Hypodysfibrinogenemia	Hypodysfibrinogenemia, Familial hypodysfibrinogenemia
Stomach neoplasms	Malignant neoplasm of stomach, Stomach Neoplasms		19424620