AANAT (aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase)

Gene

• Entrez ID: 15
• Gene name: Aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
• Gene symbol: AANAT
• Synonyms: DSPS, SNAT
• Chromosome: 17
• Chromosome location: 17q25.1
• Summary: The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the acetyltransferase superfamily. It is the penultimate enzyme in melatonin synthesis and controls the night/day rhythm in melatonin production in the vertebrate pineal gland. Melatonin is essential for the function of the circadian clock that influences activity and sleep. This enzyme is regulated by cAMP-dependent phosphorylation that promotes its interaction with 14-3-3 proteins and thus protects the enzyme against proteasomal degradation. This gene may contribute to numerous genetic diseases such as delayed sleep phase syndrome. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2009]

miRNA

miRTarBase ID	miRNA	Experiments	Reference
MIRT054775	hsa-miR-183-5p	Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR	24423866

Gene ontology (GO)

GO ID	Ontology	Definition	Evidence	Reference
GO:0004059	Function	Aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase activity	IBA	21873635
GO:0004059	Function	Aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase activity	IDA	11313340
GO:0004059	Function	Aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase activity	TAS
GO:0004060	Function	Arylamine N-acetyltransferase activity	IEA
GO:0005515	Function	Protein binding	IPI	25416956, 25910212, 32296183
GO:0005737	Component	Cytoplasm	IBA	21873635
GO:0005829	Component	Cytosol	IDA
GO:0005829	Component	Cytosol	TAS
GO:0006474	Process	N-terminal protein amino acid acetylation	IDA	11313340
GO:0007623	Process	Circadian rhythm	IBA	21873635
GO:0007623	Process	Circadian rhythm	IMP	12736803
GO:0009416	Process	Response to light stimulus	IBA	21873635
GO:0009648	Process	Photoperiodism	IEA
GO:0010043	Process	Response to zinc ion	IEA
GO:0030187	Process	Melatonin biosynthetic process	IBA	21873635
GO:0030187	Process	Melatonin biosynthetic process	IDA	11313340
GO:0030187	Process	Melatonin biosynthetic process	IEA
GO:0032868	Process	Response to insulin	IEA
GO:0034097	Process	Response to cytokine	IEA
GO:0034695	Process	Response to prostaglandin E	IEA
GO:0046219	Process	Indolalkylamine biosynthetic process	TAS
GO:0046688	Process	Response to copper ion	IEA
GO:0048471	Component	Perinuclear region of cytoplasm	IDA	11313340
GO:0051412	Process	Response to corticosterone	IEA
GO:0051592	Process	Response to calcium ion	IEA
GO:0071320	Process	Cellular response to cAMP	IDA	11313340
GO:0071889	Function	14-3-3 protein binding	IEA

Other IDs

• MIM: 600950
• HGNC: 19
• e!Ensembl: ENSG00000129673

Protein

• UniProt ID: Q16613
• Protein name: Serotonin N-acetyltransferase (Serotonin acetylase) (EC 2.3.1.87) (Aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase) (AA-NAT)
• Protein function: Controls the night/day rhythm of melatonin production in the pineal gland. Catalyzes the N-acetylation of serotonin into N-acetylserotonin, the penultimate step in the synthesis of melatonin.
• Family and domains:

  Pfam

  Accession	ID	Position in sequence	Description	Type
  PF00583	Acetyltransf_1	45 → 173	Acetyltransferase (GNAT) family	Family

• Sequence:

  MSTQSTHPLKPEAPRLPPGIPESPSCQRRHTLPASEFRCLTPEDAVSAFEIEREAFISVL
  GVCPLYLDEIRHFLTLCPELSLGWFEEGCLVAFIIGSLWDKERLMQESLTLHRSGGHIAH
  LHVLAVHRAFRQQGRGPILLWRYLHHLGSQPAVRRAALMCEDALVPFYERFSFHAVGPCA
  ITVGSLTFMELHCSLRGHPFLRRNSGC

• Sequence length: 207

Pathways

KEGG:

Tryptophan metabolism
Metabolic pathways

Reactome:

Serotonin and melatonin biosynthesis

Associated diseases

Disease name	Disease term	References
	Advanced Sleep Phase Syndrome	12736803
	Depression, Bipolar	20459461
	Delayed Sleep Phase Syndrome	12736803
	Mental Depression	11316327
	Depressive disorder	11316327
	Non-24 Hour Sleep-Wake Disorder	12736803
	Nonorganic Sleep Wake Cycle Disorders	12736803
	Shift-Work Sleep Disorder	12736803