SNAI1 (snail family transcriptional repressor 1)

Gene

• Entrez ID: 6615
• Gene name: Snail family transcriptional repressor 1
• Gene symbol: SNAI1
• Synonyms: SLUGH2, SNA, SNAH, SNAIL, SNAIL1, dJ710H13.1
• Chromosome: 20
• Chromosome location: 20q13.13
• Summary: The Drosophila embryonic protein snail is a zinc finger transcriptional repressor which downregulates the expression of ectodermal genes within the mesoderm. The nuclear protein encoded by this gene is structurally similar to the Drosophila snail protein, and is also thought to be critical for mesoderm formation in the developing embryo. At least two variants of a similar processed pseudogene have been found on chromosome 2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

miRNA

miRTarBase ID	miRNA	Experiments	Reference
MIRT004651	hsa-miR-204-5p	Luciferase reporter assay	20056717
MIRT004651	hsa-miR-204-5p	Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, Western blot	26729198
MIRT006760	hsa-miR-30a-5p	Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, Western blot	21633953
MIRT006760	hsa-miR-30a-5p	Immunohistochemistry, Luciferase reporter assay, QRTPCR, Western blot	24954667
MIRT006760	hsa-miR-30a-5p	Immunofluorescence, Luciferase reporter assay, Microarray, qRT-PCR, Western blot	23831330
MIRT006760	hsa-miR-30a-5p	Luciferase reporter assay, Western blot	28222434
MIRT006760	hsa-miR-30a-5p	Flow, qRT-PCR, Western blot	27212164
MIRT006761	hsa-miR-30b-5p	Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, Western blot	21633953
MIRT006762	hsa-miR-30c-5p	Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, Western blot	21633953
MIRT006762	hsa-miR-30c-5p	Luciferase reporter assay, Western blot	28222434
MIRT006763	hsa-miR-30d-5p	Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, Western blot	21633953
MIRT006764	hsa-miR-30e-5p	Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, Western blot	21633953
MIRT007098	hsa-miR-153-3p	Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, Western blot	23188671
MIRT007098	hsa-miR-153-3p	Immunohistochemistry, qRT-PCR, Western blot	25678802
MIRT007098	hsa-miR-153-3p	Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, Western blot	26232914
MIRT007098	hsa-miR-153-3p	Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, Western blot	28400282
MIRT018418	hsa-miR-335-5p	Microarray	18185580
MIRT022882	hsa-miR-124-3p	Microarray	18668037
MIRT029897	hsa-miR-26b-5p	Microarray	19088304
MIRT052946	hsa-miR-34a-5p	Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, Western blot	22134354
MIRT052946	hsa-miR-34a-5p	Luciferase reporter assay, Western blot	28145431
MIRT052947	hsa-miR-34b-3p	Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, Western blot	22134354
MIRT052952	hsa-miR-34c-5p	Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, Western blot	22134354
MIRT437836	hsa-miR-506-3p	Immunofluorescence, Immunohistochemistry, In situ hybridization, Luciferase reporter assay, Microarray, qRT-PCR, Western blot	23410973
MIRT438532	hsa-miR-199a-5p	Luciferase reporter assay, Western blot	25041364
MIRT438895	hsa-miR-203a-3p	ChIP-seq, Immunofluorescence, Luciferase reporter assay, Microarray, qRT-PCR, Western blot	23447531
MIRT732075	hsa-miR-22-3p	Luciferase reporter assay, Microarray, qRT-PCR, Western blot	26610210
MIRT732815	hsa-miR-486-5p	Luciferase reporter assay, Western blot	27877055
MIRT732844	hsa-miR-30c-2-3p	Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, Western blot	28127848
MIRT733560	hsa-miR-410-3p	Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, Western blot	27221455
MIRT733583	hsa-miR-128-1-5p	Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, Western blot	27341528
MIRT734226	hsa-miR-128-3p	ChIP-seq, Immunohistochemistry, Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, Western blot	28424413
MIRT735040	hsa-miR-211-5p	Luciferase reporter assay	28057716

Transcription factors

Transcription factor	Regulation	Reference
CREB1	Repression	15955695
ESRRA	Repression	15955695
HMGA2	Unknown	22241470
HOXA10	Repression	16424022
ID2	Activation	22551584
MTA1	Activation	18719363
MTA3	Repression	23510993
NFKB1	Activation	17665043;18477483
NFKB1	Unknown	19538137
PARP1	Repression	21577210
RELA	Activation	17665043;18477483
RELA	Unknown	19538137
SNAI1	Unknown	16617148

Gene ontology (GO)

GO ID	Ontology	Definition	Evidence	Reference
GO:0000122	Process	Negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IDA	11912130
GO:0000122	Process	Negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IMP	15314165
GO:0000122	Process	Negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	ISS
GO:0000977	Function	RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IDA	11912130
GO:0000978	Function	RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IBA	21873635
GO:0001227	Function	DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IBA	21873635
GO:0001227	Function	DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IDA	11912130
GO:0001649	Process	Osteoblast differentiation	IEP	20128911
GO:0001650	Component	Fibrillar center	IDA
GO:0001707	Process	Mesoderm formation	ISS
GO:0001837	Process	Epithelial to mesenchymal transition	IDA	16096638
GO:0001837	Process	Epithelial to mesenchymal transition	ISS
GO:0003180	Process	Aortic valve morphogenesis	TAS	20951801
GO:0003198	Process	Epithelial to mesenchymal transition involved in endocardial cushion formation	ISS
GO:0003198	Process	Epithelial to mesenchymal transition involved in endocardial cushion formation	TAS	20951801
GO:0003700	Function	DNA-binding transcription factor activity	IBA	21873635
GO:0005515	Function	Protein binding	IPI	15448698, 16096638, 18331720, 19411070, 19955572, 20385133, 20389281, 20562920, 21577210, 23644467, 24209753, 25203322, 25314079, 25416956, 31515488, 32296183
GO:0005634	Component	Nucleus	IDA	15448698, 19955572, 23288509, 24209753, 25893292
GO:0005634	Component	Nucleus	ISS
GO:0005654	Component	Nucleoplasm	IDA
GO:0005654	Component	Nucleoplasm	TAS
GO:0005721	Component	Pericentric heterochromatin	IDA	24239292
GO:0005737	Component	Cytoplasm	IDA	15448698, 19955572, 24209753
GO:0005737	Component	Cytoplasm	ISS
GO:0005829	Component	Cytosol	IDA
GO:0006357	Process	Regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IBA	21873635
GO:0010718	Process	Positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition	IMP	20018240, 23288509
GO:0010718	Process	Positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition	ISS
GO:0010718	Process	Positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition	TAS	17072303
GO:0010957	Process	Negative regulation of vitamin D biosynthetic process	IDA	19502595
GO:0016477	Process	Cell migration	IEA
GO:0019900	Function	Kinase binding	IPI	15448698
GO:0030335	Process	Positive regulation of cell migration	IMP	15314165, 20018240
GO:0031069	Process	Hair follicle morphogenesis	IEA
GO:0043231	Component	Intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	IDA
GO:0043518	Process	Negative regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator	IMP	15314165
GO:0045893	Process	Positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated	IMP	20018240
GO:0046872	Function	Metal ion binding	IEA
GO:0060021	Process	Roof of mouth development	IEA
GO:0060536	Process	Cartilage morphogenesis	IEA
GO:0060707	Process	Trophoblast giant cell differentiation	IEA
GO:0060806	Process	Negative regulation of cell differentiation involved in embryonic placenta development	IEA
GO:0060972	Process	Left/right pattern formation	IEA
GO:0061314	Process	Notch signaling involved in heart development	ISS
GO:0061314	Process	Notch signaling involved in heart development	TAS	20951801
GO:0070828	Process	Heterochromatin organization	ISS
GO:0070888	Function	E-box binding	IDA	11912130
GO:1902230	Process	Negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage	IMP	15314165
GO:1990837	Function	Sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding	IDA	28473536
GO:2000810	Process	Regulation of bicellular tight junction assembly	IMP	15314165

Other IDs

• MIM: 604238
• HGNC: 11128
• e!Ensembl: ENSG00000124216

Protein

• UniProt ID: O95863
• Protein name: Zinc finger protein SNAI1 (Protein snail homolog 1) (Protein sna)
• Protein function: Involved in induction of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), formation and maintenance of embryonic mesoderm, growth arrest, survival and cell migration. Binds to 3 E-boxes of the E-cadherin/CDH1 gene promoter and to the promoters of CLDN7 and KRT8 and, in association with histone demethylase KDM1A which it recruits to the promoters, causes a decrease in dimethylated H3K4 levels and represses transcription (PubMed:20389281, PubMed:20562920). The N-terminal SNAG domain competes with histone H3 for the same binding site on the histone demethylase complex formed by KDM1A and RCOR1, and thereby inhibits demethylation of histone H3 at 'Lys-4' (in vitro) (PubMed:20389281, PubMed:21300290, PubMed:23721412). During EMT, involved with LOXL2 in negatively regulating pericentromeric heterochromatin transcription (By similarity). SNAI1 recruits LOXL2 to pericentromeric regions to oxidize histone H3 and repress transcription which leads to release of heterochromatin component CBX5/HP1A, enabling chromatin reorganization and acquisition of mesenchymal traits (By similarity). Associates with EGR1 and SP1 to mediate tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (TPA)-induced up-regulation of CDKN2B, possibly by binding to the CDKN2B promoter region 5'-TCACA-3. In addition, may also activate the CDKN2B promoter by itself.
• PDB: 2Y48, 3W5K, 3ZMT, 4QLI
• Family and domains:

  Pfam

  Accession	ID	Position in sequence	Description	Type
  PF13912	zf-C2H2_6	153 → 177		Domain
  PF00096	zf-C2H2	180 → 202	Zinc finger, C2H2 type	Domain
  PF00096	zf-C2H2	208 → 230	Zinc finger, C2H2 type	Domain

• Sequence:

  MPRSFLVRKPSDPNRKPNYSELQDSNPEFTFQQPYDQAHLLAAIPPPEILNPTASLPMLI
  WDSVLAPQAQPIAWASLRLQESPRVAELTSLSDEDSGKGSQPPSPPSPAPSSFSSTSVSS
  LEAEAYAAFPGLGQVPKQLAQLSEAKDLQARKAFNCKYCNKEYLSLGALKMHIRSHTLPC
  VCGTCGKAFSRPWLLQGHVRTHTGEKPFSCPHCSRAFADRSNLRAHLQTHSDVKKYQCQA
  CARTFSRMSLLHKHQESGCSGCPR

• Sequence length: 264