HRAS (HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase)

Gene

• Entrez ID: 3265
• Gene name: HRas proto-oncogene, GTPase
• Gene symbol: HRAS
• Synonyms: C-BAS/HAS, C-H-RAS, C-HA-RAS1, CTLO, H-RASIDX, HAMSV, HRAS1, RASH1, p21ras
• Chromosome: 11
• Chromosome location: 11p15.5
• Summary: This gene belongs to the Ras oncogene family, whose members are related to the transforming genes of mammalian sarcoma retroviruses. The products encoded by these genes function in signal transduction pathways. These proteins can bind GTP and GDP, and they have intrinsic GTPase activity. This protein undergoes a continuous cycle of de- and re-palmitoylation, which regulates its rapid exchange between the plasma membrane and the Golgi apparatus. Mutations in this gene cause Costello syndrome, a disease characterized by increased growth at the prenatal stage, growth deficiency at the postnatal stage, predisposition to tumor formation, cognitive disability, skin and musculoskeletal abnormalities, distinctive facial appearance and cardiovascular abnormalities. Defects in this gene are implicated in a variety of cancers, including bladder cancer, follicular thyroid cancer, and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Multiple transcript variants, which encode different isoforms, have been identified for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

miRNA

miRTarBase ID	miRNA	Experiments	Reference
MIRT004471	hsa-let-7a-5p	Luciferase reporter assay	18083101
MIRT004471	hsa-let-7a-5p	Immunoblot, qRT-PCR, Western blot	21252116
MIRT004471	hsa-let-7a-5p	Luciferase reporter assay	24092860
MIRT005644	hsa-miR-143-3p	Luciferase reporter assay, Northern blot, qRT-PCR	21276449
MIRT005644	hsa-miR-143-3p	qRT-PCR, In situ hybridization, Western blot	25477374
MIRT005880	hsa-miR-181a-5p	Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, Western blot, Reporter assay	21167132
MIRT006057	hsa-let-7b-5p	Immunoblot, qRT-PCR, Western blot	21252116
MIRT006548	hsa-miR-181d-5p	FACS, Immunohistochemistry, Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, Western blot	22207524
MIRT040422	hsa-miR-615-3p	CLASH	23622248
MIRT438494	hsa-miR-139-5p	Luciferase reporter assay	24158791
MIRT438681	hsa-miR-663a	Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, Western blot	23953123
MIRT735944	hsa-miR-1199-3p	PAR-CLIP	26701625
MIRT736713	hsa-miR-1268a	PAR-CLIP	26701625
MIRT736719	hsa-miR-1268b	PAR-CLIP	26701625
MIRT738307	hsa-miR-1908-3p	PAR-CLIP	26701625
MIRT743762	hsa-miR-4292	PAR-CLIP	26701625
MIRT744901	hsa-miR-4467	PAR-CLIP	26701625
MIRT746256	hsa-miR-4632-3p	PAR-CLIP	26701625
MIRT750372	hsa-miR-541-3p	PAR-CLIP	26701625
MIRT751543	hsa-miR-585-3p	PAR-CLIP	26701625
MIRT753443	hsa-miR-654-5p	PAR-CLIP	26701625
MIRT755266	hsa-miR-6770-3p	PAR-CLIP	26701625
MIRT755920	hsa-miR-6786-5p	PAR-CLIP	26701625
MIRT756043	hsa-miR-6791-5p	PAR-CLIP	26701625

Transcription factors

Transcription factor	Regulation	Reference
BTG2	Repression	20197462
MAZ	Activation	21931711
SP1	Activation	21931711
SP1	Unknown	3012774
TP53	Unknown	11127813

Gene ontology (GO)

GO ID	Ontology	Definition	Evidence	Reference
GO:0000139	Component	Golgi membrane	IEA
GO:0000165	Process	MAPK cascade	TAS
GO:0001889	Process	Liver development	IEA
GO:0001934	Process	Positive regulation of protein phosphorylation	IDA	22065586
GO:0002223	Process	Stimulatory C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway	TAS
GO:0003924	Function	GTPase activity	IBA	21873635
GO:0003924	Function	GTPase activity	IDA	9178006
GO:0003924	Function	GTPase activity	IMP	9230043
GO:0005515	Function	Protein binding	IPI	2122974, 8332187, 8670882, 9144171, 9447984, 9488663, 9690470, 10369681, 10608844, 11022048, 11335720, 11598133, 11857081, 11980706, 12620389, 12628188, 14500341, 14724641, 15507210, 15886098, 16316996, 16698549, 16810318, 17084389, 17540175, 18073111, 18273062, 18454158, 18596699, 1
GO:0005525	Function	GTP binding	IBA	21873635
GO:0005525	Function	GTP binding	IDA	14500341, 17260967
GO:0005525	Function	GTP binding	IMP	9230043
GO:0005654	Component	Nucleoplasm	IDA
GO:0005737	Component	Cytoplasm	TAS	10842192
GO:0005794	Component	Golgi apparatus	IDA	14500341, 21968647
GO:0005829	Component	Cytosol	IDA
GO:0005886	Component	Plasma membrane	IBA	21873635
GO:0005886	Component	Plasma membrane	IDA	14500341, 17724343, 21968647
GO:0005886	Component	Plasma membrane	TAS
GO:0006897	Process	Endocytosis	IEA
GO:0006935	Process	Chemotaxis	TAS	10848592
GO:0007050	Process	Cell cycle arrest	IDA	9054499
GO:0007050	Process	Cell cycle arrest	IMP	9765203
GO:0007165	Process	Signal transduction	NAS	8607982
GO:0007166	Process	Cell surface receptor signaling pathway	TAS	9020890
GO:0007265	Process	Ras protein signal transduction	IBA	21873635
GO:0007265	Process	Ras protein signal transduction	IDA	23027131
GO:0007265	Process	Ras protein signal transduction	TAS
GO:0008022	Function	Protein C-terminus binding	IPI	9219684
GO:0008284	Process	Positive regulation of cell population proliferation	IDA	9765203
GO:0008285	Process	Negative regulation of cell population proliferation	IDA	9054499
GO:0009887	Process	Animal organ morphogenesis	TAS	10848592
GO:0010629	Process	Negative regulation of gene expression	IDA	23027131
GO:0010863	Process	Positive regulation of phospholipase C activity	IDA	11022048
GO:0019003	Function	GDP binding	IBA	21873635
GO:0019003	Function	GDP binding	IMP	8142349, 9230043
GO:0030335	Process	Positive regulation of cell migration	IDA	23027131
GO:0032729	Process	Positive regulation of interferon-gamma production	IEA
GO:0034260	Process	Negative regulation of GTPase activity	IDA	23027131
GO:0035900	Process	Response to isolation stress	IEA
GO:0042088	Process	T-helper 1 type immune response	IEA
GO:0042832	Process	Defense response to protozoan	IEA
GO:0043406	Process	Positive regulation of MAP kinase activity	IDA	23027131
GO:0043410	Process	Positive regulation of MAPK cascade	IDA	9765203
GO:0043524	Process	Negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process	IEA
GO:0043547	Process	Positive regulation of GTPase activity	IDA	23027131
GO:0044877	Function	Protein-containing complex binding	IEA
GO:0045740	Process	Positive regulation of DNA replication	IEA
GO:0045944	Process	Positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IDA	22065586, 23027131
GO:0046330	Process	Positive regulation of JNK cascade	IDA	22065586
GO:0046579	Process	Positive regulation of Ras protein signal transduction	IEA
GO:0048013	Process	Ephrin receptor signaling pathway	TAS
GO:0048169	Process	Regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity	IEA
GO:0048471	Component	Perinuclear region of cytoplasm	IEA
GO:0050679	Process	Positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation	IMP	20154697
GO:0050852	Process	T cell receptor signaling pathway	IEA
GO:0070374	Process	Positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	IDA	22065586
GO:0071480	Process	Cellular response to gamma radiation	IDA	16213212
GO:0090303	Process	Positive regulation of wound healing	IDA	23027131
GO:0090314	Process	Positive regulation of protein targeting to membrane	IMP	11022048
GO:0090398	Process	Cellular senescence	IBA	21873635
GO:0090398	Process	Cellular senescence	IDA	9054499
GO:0097193	Process	Intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	IEA
GO:0098696	Process	Regulation of neurotransmitter receptor localization to postsynaptic specialization membrane	IDA	12202034
GO:0098696	Process	Regulation of neurotransmitter receptor localization to postsynaptic specialization membrane	IMP	12202034
GO:0098978	Component	Glutamatergic synapse	IDA	12202034
GO:0098978	Component	Glutamatergic synapse	IMP	12202034
GO:1900029	Process	Positive regulation of ruffle assembly	IDA	23027131
GO:2000251	Process	Positive regulation of actin cytoskeleton reorganization	IDA	23027131
GO:2000630	Process	Positive regulation of miRNA metabolic process	IDA	23027131

Other IDs

• MIM: 190020
• HGNC: 5173
• e!Ensembl: ENSG00000174775

Protein

• UniProt ID: P01112
• Protein name: GTPase HRas (EC 3.6.5.2) (H-Ras-1) (Ha-Ras) (Transforming protein p21) (c-H-ras) (p21ras) [Cleaved into: GTPase HRas, N-terminally processed]
• Protein function: Involved in the activation of Ras protein signal transduction (PubMed:22821884). Ras proteins bind GDP/GTP and possess intrinsic GTPase activity (PubMed:12740440, PubMed:14500341, PubMed:9020151).
• PDB: 121P, 1AA9, 1AGP, 1BKD, 1CLU, 1CRP, 1CRQ, 1CRR, 1CTQ, 1GNP, 1GNQ, 1GNR, 1HE8, 1IAQ, 1IOZ, 1JAH, 1JAI, 1K8R, 1LF0, 1LF5, 1LFD, 1NVU, 1NVV, 1NVW, 1NVX, 1P2S, 1P2T, 1P2U, 1P2V, 1PLJ, 1PLK, 1PLL, 1Q21, 1QRA, 1RVD, 1WQ1, 1XCM, 1XD2, 1XJ0, 1ZVQ, 1ZW6, 221P, 2C5L, 2CE2, 2CL0, 2CL6, 2CL7, 2CLC, 2CLD, 2EVW, 2GDP
• Family and domains:

  Pfam

  Accession	ID	Position in sequence	Description	Type
  PF00071	Ras	5 → 165	Ras family	Domain

• Sequence:

  MTEYKLVVVGAGGVGKSALTIQLIQNHFVDEYDPTIEDSYRKQVVIDGETCLLDILDTAG
  QEEYSAMRDQYMRTGEGFLCVFAINNTKSFEDIHQYREQIKRVKDSDDVPMVLVGNKCDL
  AARTVESRQAQDLARSYGIPYIETSAKTRQGVEDAFYTLVREIRQHKLRKLNPPDESGPG
  CMSCKCVLS

• Sequence length: 189