GPT (glutamic--pyruvic transaminase)

Gene

• Entrez ID: 2875
• Gene name: Glutamic--pyruvic transaminase
• Gene symbol: GPT
• Synonyms: AAT1, ALT1, GPT1
• Chromosome: 8
• Chromosome location: 8q24.3
• Summary: This gene encodes cytosolic alanine aminotransaminase 1 (ALT1); also known as glutamate-pyruvate transaminase 1. This enzyme catalyzes the reversible transamination between alanine and 2-oxoglutarate to generate pyruvate and glutamate and, therefore, plays a key role in the intermediary metabolism of glucose and amino acids. Serum activity levels of this enzyme are routinely used as a biomarker of liver injury caused by drug toxicity, infection, alcohol, and steatosis. A related gene on chromosome 16 encodes a putative mitochondrial alanine aminotransaminase.[provided by RefSeq, Nov 2009]

Gene ontology (GO)

GO ID	Ontology	Definition	Evidence	Reference
GO:0004021	Function	L-alanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase activity	NAS	1931970
GO:0005829	Component	Cytosol	TAS
GO:0008652	Process	Cellular amino acid biosynthetic process	TAS
GO:0030170	Function	Pyridoxal phosphate binding	IEA
GO:0032869	Process	Cellular response to insulin stimulus	IEA
GO:0042594	Process	Response to starvation	IEA
GO:0042853	Process	L-alanine catabolic process	IEA
GO:0045722	Process	Positive regulation of gluconeogenesis	IEA
GO:0070062	Component	Extracellular exosome	HDA	19056867

Other IDs

• MIM: 138200
• HGNC: 4552
• e!Ensembl: ENSG00000167701

Protein

• UniProt ID: P24298
• Protein name: Alanine aminotransferase 1 (ALT1) (EC 2.6.1.2) (Glutamate pyruvate transaminase 1) (GPT 1) (Glutamic--alanine transaminase 1) (Glutamic--pyruvic transaminase 1)
• Protein function: Catalyzes the reversible transamination between alanine and 2-oxoglutarate to form pyruvate and glutamate. Participates in cellular nitrogen metabolism and also in liver gluconeogenesis starting with precursors transported from skeletal muscles (By similarity).
• Family and domains:

  Pfam

  Accession	ID	Position in sequence	Description	Type
  PF00155	Aminotran_1_2	83 → 484	Aminotransferase class I and II	Domain

• Sequence:

  MASSTGDRSQAVRHGLRAKVLTLDGMNPRVRRVEYAVRGPIVQRALELEQELRQGVKKPF
  TEVIRANIGDAQAMGQRPITFLRQVLALCVNPDLLSSPNFPDDAKKRAERILQACGGHSL
  GAYSVSSGIQLIREDVARYIERRDGGIPADPNNVFLSTGASDAIVTVLKLLVAGEGHTRT
  GVLIPIPQYPLYSATLAELGAVQVDYYLDEERAWALDVAELHRALGQARDHCRPRALCVI
  NPGNPTGQVQTRECIEAVIRFAFEERLFLLADEVYQDNVYAAGSQFHSFKKVLMEMGPPY
  AGQQELASFHSTSKGYMGECGFRGGYVEVVNMDAAVQQQMLKLMSVRLCPPVPGQALLDL
  VVSPPAPTDPSFAQFQAEKQAVLAELAAKAKLTEQVFNEAPGISCNPVQGAMYSFPRVQL
  PPRAVERAQELGLAPDMFFCLRLLEETGICVVPGSGFGQREGTYHFRMTILPPLEKLRLL
  LEKLSRFHAKFTLEYS

• Sequence length: 496