BAD (BCL2 associated agonist of cell death)

Gene

• Entrez ID: 572
• Gene name: BCL2 associated agonist of cell death
• Gene symbol: BAD
• Synonyms: BBC2, BCL2L8
• Chromosome: 11
• Chromosome location: 11q13.1
• Summary: The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the BCL-2 family. BCL-2 family members are known to be regulators of programmed cell death. This protein positively regulates cell apoptosis by forming heterodimers with BCL-xL (B-cell lymphoma-extra large) and BCL-2, and reversing their death repressor activity. Proapoptotic activity of this protein is regulated through its phosphorylation. Protein kinases AKT and MAP kinase, as well as protein phosphatase calcineurin were found to be involved in the regulation of this protein. Alternative splicing of this gene results in two transcript variants which encode the same isoform. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2019]

miRNA

miRTarBase ID	miRNA	Experiments	Reference
MIRT038239	hsa-miR-330-5p	CLASH	23622248

Transcription factors

Transcription factor	Regulation	Reference
NR3C1	Activation	17496926
PPARG	Activation	14960510
RELA	Activation	20596645

Gene ontology (GO)

GO ID	Ontology	Definition	Evidence	Reference
GO:0001836	Process	Release of cytochrome c from mitochondria	IBA	21873635
GO:0001844	Process	Protein insertion into mitochondrial membrane involved in apoptotic signaling pathway	TAS
GO:0005515	Function	Protein binding	IPI	9388232, 9463381, 9973195, 10949025, 11526496, 15131699, 15694340, 16189514, 17446862, 17485524, 17979178, 19427857, 19427863, 19667065, 20005908, 20179209, 20603619, 20936779, 21081150, 21900206, 21988832, 22000515, 23397142, 24008843, 24255178, 25241761, 25416956, 26871637, 285144
GO:0005543	Function	Phospholipid binding	IMP	21081150
GO:0005739	Component	Mitochondrion	IBA	21873635
GO:0005739	Component	Mitochondrion	IDA
GO:0005741	Component	Mitochondrial outer membrane	IDA	20700721
GO:0005741	Component	Mitochondrial outer membrane	TAS
GO:0005829	Component	Cytosol	IBA	21873635
GO:0005829	Component	Cytosol	IDA	20700721
GO:0005829	Component	Cytosol	TAS
GO:0006007	Process	Glucose catabolic process	IEA
GO:0006915	Process	Apoptotic process	IDA	19667065
GO:0006915	Process	Apoptotic process	TAS	7834748
GO:0006919	Process	Activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process	ISS
GO:0007283	Process	Spermatogenesis	IEA
GO:0008289	Function	Lipid binding	IDA	19667065
GO:0008625	Process	Extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors	IEA
GO:0008630	Process	Intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage	IEA
GO:0008656	Function	Cysteine-type endopeptidase activator activity involved in apoptotic process	IBA	21873635
GO:0008656	Function	Cysteine-type endopeptidase activator activity involved in apoptotic process	IDA	18402937
GO:0009749	Process	Response to glucose	IEA
GO:0010508	Process	Positive regulation of autophagy	TAS	18309324
GO:0010918	Process	Positive regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential	ISS
GO:0019050	Process	Suppression by virus of host apoptotic process	IEA
GO:0019221	Process	Cytokine-mediated signaling pathway	IEA
GO:0019901	Function	Protein kinase binding	IBA	21873635
GO:0019901	Function	Protein kinase binding	IPI	17270021
GO:0019903	Function	Protein phosphatase binding	IBA	21873635
GO:0021987	Process	Cerebral cortex development	IEA
GO:0030346	Function	Protein phosphatase 2B binding	IEA
GO:0032024	Process	Positive regulation of insulin secretion	ISS
GO:0032355	Process	Response to estradiol	IEA
GO:0032570	Process	Response to progesterone	IEA
GO:0033133	Process	Positive regulation of glucokinase activity	ISS
GO:0033574	Process	Response to testosterone	IEA
GO:0034201	Process	Response to oleic acid	IEA
GO:0035774	Process	Positive regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus	IEA
GO:0042493	Process	Response to drug	IEA
GO:0042542	Process	Response to hydrogen peroxide	IEA
GO:0042593	Process	Glucose homeostasis	ISS
GO:0043065	Process	Positive regulation of apoptotic process	IDA	9388232
GO:0043065	Process	Positive regulation of apoptotic process	IMP	17289999
GO:0043200	Process	Response to amino acid	IEA
GO:0043280	Process	Positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process	IDA	18402937
GO:0043422	Function	Protein kinase B binding	IEA
GO:0044342	Process	Type B pancreatic cell proliferation	ISS
GO:0045471	Process	Response to ethanol	IEA
GO:0045579	Process	Positive regulation of B cell differentiation	IEA
GO:0045582	Process	Positive regulation of T cell differentiation	IEA
GO:0045862	Process	Positive regulation of proteolysis	IDA	18387192
GO:0046031	Process	ADP metabolic process	ISS
GO:0046034	Process	ATP metabolic process	ISS
GO:0046902	Process	Regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability	IBA	21873635
GO:0046902	Process	Regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability	IMP	20700721
GO:0046931	Process	Pore complex assembly	IDA	19667065, 21081150
GO:0050679	Process	Positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation	IMP	19593445
GO:0051384	Process	Response to glucocorticoid	IEA
GO:0051592	Process	Response to calcium ion	IEA
GO:0060139	Process	Positive regulation of apoptotic process by virus	IEA
GO:0071247	Process	Cellular response to chromate	IEA
GO:0071260	Process	Cellular response to mechanical stimulus	IEP	19593445
GO:0071316	Process	Cellular response to nicotine	IDA	18676776
GO:0071396	Process	Cellular response to lipid	IEA
GO:0071456	Process	Cellular response to hypoxia	IBA	21873635
GO:0071456	Process	Cellular response to hypoxia	IEP	20810912
GO:0071889	Function	14-3-3 protein binding	IEA
GO:0090200	Process	Positive regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria	IMP	17289999
GO:0097191	Process	Extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	IBA	21873635
GO:0097191	Process	Extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	IMP	18852119
GO:0097192	Process	Extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand	IEA
GO:0097193	Process	Intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	IBA	21873635
GO:0097193	Process	Intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	IMP	18676776
GO:0097202	Process	Activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity	IBA	21873635
GO:0097202	Process	Activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity	IDA	18387192
GO:1900740	Process	Positive regulation of protein insertion into mitochondrial membrane involved in apoptotic signaling pathway	TAS
GO:1901216	Process	Positive regulation of neuron death	IEA
GO:1901423	Process	Response to benzene	IEA
GO:1902220	Process	Positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress	IEA
GO:1904710	Process	Positive regulation of granulosa cell apoptotic process	IEA
GO:2000078	Process	Positive regulation of type B pancreatic cell development	ISS
GO:2001244	Process	Positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	TAS

Other IDs

• MIM: 603167
• HGNC: 936
• e!Ensembl: ENSG00000002330

Protein

• UniProt ID: Q92934
• Protein name: Bcl2-associated agonist of cell death (BAD) (Bcl-2-binding component 6) (Bcl-2-like protein 8) (Bcl2-L-8) (Bcl-xL/Bcl-2-associated death promoter) (Bcl2 antagonist of cell death)
• Protein function: Promotes cell death. Successfully competes for the binding to Bcl-X(L), Bcl-2 and Bcl-W, thereby affecting the level of heterodimerization of these proteins with BAX. Can reverse the death repressor activity of Bcl-X(L), but not that of Bcl-2 (By similarity). Appears to act as a link between growth factor receptor signaling and the apoptotic pathways.
• PDB: 1G5J
• Family and domains:

  Pfam

  Accession	ID	Position in sequence	Description	Type
  PF10514	Bcl-2_BAD	1 → 168	Pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein, BAD	Family

• Sequence:

  MFQIPEFEPSEQEDSSSAERGLGPSPAGDGPSGSGKHHRQAPGLLWDASHQQEQPTSSSH
  HGGAGAVEIRSRHSSYPAGTEDDEGMGEEPSPFRGRSRSAPPNLWAAQRYGRELRRMSDE
  FVDSFKKGLPRPKSAGTATQMRQSSSWTRVFQSWWDRNLGRGSSAPSQ

• Sequence length: 168