APOA1 (apolipoprotein A1)

Gene

• Entrez ID: 335
• Gene name: Apolipoprotein A1
• Gene symbol: APOA1
• Synonyms: HPALP2, apo(a)
• Chromosome: 11
• Chromosome location: 11q23.3
• Summary: This gene encodes apolipoprotein A-I, which is the major protein component of high density lipoprotein (HDL) in plasma. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate the mature protein, which promotes cholesterol efflux from tissues to the liver for excretion, and is a cofactor for lecithin cholesterolacyltransferase (LCAT), an enzyme responsible for the formation of most plasma cholesteryl esters. This gene is closely linked with two other apolipoprotein genes on chromosome 11. Defects in this gene are associated with HDL deficiencies, including Tangier disease, and with systemic non-neuropathic amyloidosis. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants, at least one of which encodes a preproprotein. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2015]

miRNA

miRTarBase ID	miRNA	Experiments	Reference
MIRT449573	hsa-miR-6869-5p	PAR-CLIP	22100165
MIRT449574	hsa-miR-558	PAR-CLIP	22100165
MIRT449575	hsa-miR-3158-5p	PAR-CLIP	22100165
MIRT449576	hsa-miR-4740-3p	PAR-CLIP	22100165
MIRT449577	hsa-miR-135b-5p	PAR-CLIP	22100165
MIRT449578	hsa-miR-135a-5p	PAR-CLIP	22100165
MIRT483214	hsa-miR-4747-5p	PAR-CLIP	23592263
MIRT483214	hsa-miR-4747-5p	PAR-CLIP	24398324
MIRT483214	hsa-miR-4747-5p	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT483215	hsa-miR-5196-5p	PAR-CLIP	23592263
MIRT483215	hsa-miR-5196-5p	PAR-CLIP	24398324
MIRT483215	hsa-miR-5196-5p	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT483216	hsa-miR-3202	PAR-CLIP	23592263
MIRT483216	hsa-miR-3202	PAR-CLIP	24398324
MIRT483216	hsa-miR-3202	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT483217	hsa-miR-3179	PAR-CLIP	23592263
MIRT483217	hsa-miR-3179	PAR-CLIP	24398324
MIRT483217	hsa-miR-3179	PAR-CLIP	20371350
MIRT499157	hsa-miR-3663-3p	PAR-CLIP	24398324
MIRT499158	hsa-miR-181d-3p	PAR-CLIP	24398324
MIRT528208	hsa-miR-6722-5p	PAR-CLIP	22012620
MIRT528209	hsa-miR-1305	PAR-CLIP	22012620
MIRT528210	hsa-miR-627-3p	PAR-CLIP	22012620
MIRT783388	hsa-miR-1289	HITS-CLIP	27418678
MIRT784608	hsa-miR-3135b	HITS-CLIP	27418678
MIRT784803	hsa-miR-3198	HITS-CLIP	27418678
MIRT785601	hsa-miR-4294	HITS-CLIP	27418678
MIRT785676	hsa-miR-4309	HITS-CLIP	27418678
MIRT785718	hsa-miR-431-5p	HITS-CLIP	27418678
MIRT789931	hsa-miR-924	HITS-CLIP	27418678

Transcription factors

Transcription factor	Regulation	Reference
FOXA2	Unknown	7961760
GATA6	Unknown	14659877
HNF4A	Unknown	7961760
SP1	Unknown	10829013

Gene ontology (GO)

GO ID	Ontology	Definition	Evidence	Reference
GO:0001523	Process	Retinoid metabolic process	TAS
GO:0001540	Function	Amyloid-beta binding	IDA	11297421
GO:0001540	Function	Amyloid-beta binding	IPI	9211985
GO:0001932	Process	Regulation of protein phosphorylation	IEA
GO:0001935	Process	Endothelial cell proliferation	IEA
GO:0002576	Process	Platelet degranulation	TAS
GO:0002719	Process	Negative regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response	IDA	12458630
GO:0005102	Function	Signaling receptor binding	IPI	27477018
GO:0005515	Function	Protein binding	IPI	1587806, 11297421, 11991719, 12084722, 12917409, 15174051, 17676061, 17786215, 19758344, 23719382, 25241761, 25416956, 25910212, 28565870, 28887769, 30458687, 31270237, 32296183, 32814053
GO:0005543	Function	Phospholipid binding	IBA	21873635
GO:0005543	Function	Phospholipid binding	IDA	12810715
GO:0005576	Component	Extracellular region	HDA	27068509
GO:0005576	Component	Extracellular region	TAS
GO:0005615	Component	Extracellular space	HDA	16502470, 20551380, 22664934
GO:0005615	Component	Extracellular space	IDA	19433579
GO:0005615	Component	Extracellular space	ISS	22261194
GO:0005634	Component	Nucleus	IEA
GO:0005769	Component	Early endosome	TAS
GO:0005788	Component	Endoplasmic reticulum lumen	TAS
GO:0005829	Component	Cytosol	TAS
GO:0005886	Component	Plasma membrane	TAS
GO:0006656	Process	Phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process	IDA	4335615
GO:0006695	Process	Cholesterol biosynthetic process	IBA	21873635
GO:0006898	Process	Receptor-mediated endocytosis	TAS
GO:0007179	Process	Transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	IDA	23726972
GO:0007186	Process	G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IDA	16443932
GO:0007229	Process	Integrin-mediated signaling pathway	IDA	23726972
GO:0007584	Process	Response to nutrient	IEA
GO:0008035	Function	High-density lipoprotein particle binding	IEA
GO:0008203	Process	Cholesterol metabolic process	IMP	15464323
GO:0008211	Process	Glucocorticoid metabolic process	IEA
GO:0009986	Component	Cell surface	IEA
GO:0010804	Process	Negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway	IDA	21571275
GO:0010873	Process	Positive regulation of cholesterol esterification	IBA	21873635
GO:0010873	Process	Positive regulation of cholesterol esterification	IDA	4335615
GO:0010875	Process	Positive regulation of cholesterol efflux	IDA	27472885
GO:0010898	Process	Positive regulation of triglyceride catabolic process	IBA	21873635
GO:0010903	Process	Negative regulation of very-low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling	IDA	14967812
GO:0014012	Process	Peripheral nervous system axon regeneration	IEA
GO:0015485	Function	Cholesterol binding	IBA	21873635
GO:0015485	Function	Cholesterol binding	IDA	15464323
GO:0018158	Process	Protein oxidation	IDA	12576517
GO:0018206	Process	Peptidyl-methionine modification	IDA	12576517
GO:0019216	Process	Regulation of lipid metabolic process	TAS
GO:0019899	Function	Enzyme binding	IPI	1587806
GO:0019915	Process	Lipid storage	IEA
GO:0030139	Component	Endocytic vesicle	IDA	14747463
GO:0030300	Process	Regulation of intestinal cholesterol absorption	IBA	21873635
GO:0030301	Process	Cholesterol transport	IDA	10559507
GO:0030325	Process	Adrenal gland development	IEA
GO:0031072	Function	Heat shock protein binding	IPI	11027668
GO:0031100	Process	Animal organ regeneration	IEA
GO:0031210	Function	Phosphatidylcholine binding	IBA	21873635
GO:0031410	Component	Cytoplasmic vesicle	IDA	14703508
GO:0032489	Process	Regulation of Cdc42 protein signal transduction	IDA	16443932
GO:0032691	Process	Negative regulation of interleukin-1 beta production	IDA	12458630
GO:0033344	Process	Cholesterol efflux	IBA	21873635
GO:0033344	Process	Cholesterol efflux	IDA	11162594, 14703508, 15358760, 16443932, 21481393
GO:0033344	Process	Cholesterol efflux	IMP	12202492
GO:0033700	Process	Phospholipid efflux	IBA	21873635
GO:0033700	Process	Phospholipid efflux	IDA	11162594, 14703508
GO:0034115	Process	Negative regulation of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion	IDA	21571275
GO:0034190	Function	Apolipoprotein receptor binding	IPI	11162594
GO:0034191	Function	Apolipoprotein A-I receptor binding	IPI	16443932
GO:0034361	Component	Very-low-density lipoprotein particle	IDA	17154273
GO:0034362	Component	Low-density lipoprotein particle	IEA
GO:0034363	Component	Intermediate-density lipoprotein particle	IEA
GO:0034364	Component	High-density lipoprotein particle	IBA	21873635
GO:0034364	Component	High-density lipoprotein particle	IDA	210174, 3104518, 9211985, 15464323, 21571275
GO:0034364	Component	High-density lipoprotein particle	TAS	27477018
GO:0034365	Component	Discoidal high-density lipoprotein particle	IEA
GO:0034366	Component	Spherical high-density lipoprotein particle	IDA	16682745
GO:0034371	Process	Chylomicron remodeling	TAS
GO:0034372	Process	Very-low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling	IBA	21873635
GO:0034375	Process	High-density lipoprotein particle remodeling	IC	4335615
GO:0034375	Process	High-density lipoprotein particle remodeling	IDA	21481393
GO:0034375	Process	High-density lipoprotein particle remodeling	TAS
GO:0034378	Process	Chylomicron assembly	TAS
GO:0034380	Process	High-density lipoprotein particle assembly	IBA	21873635
GO:0034380	Process	High-density lipoprotein particle assembly	IDA	190223
GO:0034380	Process	High-density lipoprotein particle assembly	TAS
GO:0034384	Process	High-density lipoprotein particle clearance	IC	12651854
GO:0034384	Process	High-density lipoprotein particle clearance	TAS
GO:0034774	Component	Secretory granule lumen	TAS
GO:0035025	Process	Positive regulation of Rho protein signal transduction	IDA	23726972
GO:0042157	Process	Lipoprotein metabolic process	IBA	21873635
GO:0042158	Process	Lipoprotein biosynthetic process	IEA
GO:0042493	Process	Response to drug	IEA
GO:0042627	Component	Chylomicron	IBA	21873635
GO:0042632	Process	Cholesterol homeostasis	IBA	21873635
GO:0042632	Process	Cholesterol homeostasis	IDA	21571275
GO:0042632	Process	Cholesterol homeostasis	IMP	15464323
GO:0042802	Function	Identical protein binding	IPI	8049247, 17676061, 18719128, 20133843, 20884842, 22184756, 22609356, 24316228, 24702826
GO:0043534	Process	Blood vessel endothelial cell migration	IEA
GO:0043627	Process	Response to estrogen	IEA
GO:0043687	Process	Post-translational protein modification	TAS
GO:0043691	Process	Reverse cholesterol transport	IBA	21873635
GO:0043691	Process	Reverse cholesterol transport	IMP	15464323
GO:0044267	Process	Cellular protein metabolic process	TAS
GO:0045499	Function	Chemorepellent activity	IDA	23726972
GO:0045723	Process	Positive regulation of fatty acid biosynthetic process	IBA	21873635
GO:0046470	Process	Phosphatidylcholine metabolic process	IBA	21873635
GO:0046889	Process	Positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process	IBA	21873635
GO:0050728	Process	Negative regulation of inflammatory response	IDA	21571275
GO:0050766	Process	Positive regulation of phagocytosis	IDA	20495215
GO:0050821	Process	Protein stabilization	IDA	17655203, 20495215
GO:0050919	Process	Negative chemotaxis	IDA	23726972
GO:0051006	Process	Positive regulation of lipoprotein lipase activity	IBA	21873635
GO:0051180	Process	Vitamin transport	IMP	15140193
GO:0051345	Process	Positive regulation of hydrolase activity	IDA	7638166
GO:0051496	Process	Positive regulation of stress fiber assembly	IDA	23726972
GO:0055085	Process	Transmembrane transport	TAS
GO:0055091	Process	Phospholipid homeostasis	IDA	21571275
GO:0055102	Function	Lipase inhibitor activity	IEA
GO:0060192	Process	Negative regulation of lipase activity	IEA
GO:0060228	Function	Phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase activator activity	IBA	21873635
GO:0060228	Function	Phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase activator activity	IDA	4335615
GO:0060354	Process	Negative regulation of cell adhesion molecule production	IDA	21571275
GO:0060761	Process	Negative regulation of response to cytokine stimulus	IDA	21571275
GO:0062023	Component	Collagen-containing extracellular matrix	HDA	27559042
GO:0070062	Component	Extracellular exosome	HDA	19056867, 19199708, 23533145
GO:0070328	Process	Triglyceride homeostasis	IBA	21873635
GO:0070328	Process	Triglyceride homeostasis	IDA	21571275
GO:0070371	Process	ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	IDA	23726972
GO:0070508	Process	Cholesterol import	IMP	14718538
GO:0070653	Function	High-density lipoprotein particle receptor binding	IBA	21873635
GO:0070653	Function	High-density lipoprotein particle receptor binding	IPI	10764676, 12651854
GO:0071682	Component	Endocytic vesicle lumen	TAS
GO:0072562	Component	Blood microparticle	HDA	22516433
GO:0120009	Process	Intermembrane lipid transfer	IEA
GO:0120020	Function	Cholesterol transfer activity	IDA	9651324
GO:0120020	Function	Cholesterol transfer activity	IMP	15464323
GO:1900026	Process	Positive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading	IDA	23726972
GO:1902995	Process	Positive regulation of phospholipid efflux	IDA	27472885
GO:1903561	Component	Extracellular vesicle	HDA	24769233

Other IDs

• MIM: 107680
• HGNC: 600
• e!Ensembl: ENSG00000118137

Protein

• UniProt ID: P02647
• Protein name: Apolipoprotein A-I (Apo-AI) (ApoA-I) (Apolipoprotein A1) [Cleaved into: Proapolipoprotein A-I (ProapoA-I); Truncated apolipoprotein A-I (Apolipoprotein A-I(1-242))]
• Protein function: Participates in the reverse transport of cholesterol from tissues to the liver for excretion by promoting cholesterol efflux from tissues and by acting as a cofactor for the lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT). As part of the SPAP complex, activates spermatozoa motility.
• PDB: 1AV1, 1GW3, 1GW4, 1ODP, 1ODQ, 1ODR, 2MSC, 2MSD, 2MSE, 2N5E, 3K2S, 3R2P, 4V6M, 6CC9, 6CCH, 6CCX, 6CLZ, 6CM1, 6PTS, 6PTW, 6W4E, 6W4F, 7KJR
• Family and domains:

  Pfam

  Accession	ID	Position in sequence	Description	Type
  PF01442	Apolipoprotein	69 → 259	Apolipoprotein A1/A4/E domain	Domain

• Sequence:

  MKAAVLTLAVLFLTGSQARHFWQQDEPPQSPWDRVKDLATVYVDVLKDSGRDYVSQFEGS
  ALGKQLNLKLLDNWDSVTSTFSKLREQLGPVTQEFWDNLEKETEGLRQEMSKDLEEVKAK
  VQPYLDDFQKKWQEEMELYRQKVEPLRAELQEGARQKLHELQEKLSPLGEEMRDRARAHV
  DALRTHLAPYSDELRQRLAARLEALKENGGARLAEYHAKATEHLSTLSEKAKPALEDLRQ
  GLLPVLESFKVSFLSALEEYTKKLNTQ

• Sequence length: 267