AGT (angiotensinogen)

Gene

• Entrez ID: 183
• Gene name: Angiotensinogen
• Gene symbol: AGT
• Synonyms: ANHU, SERPINA8, hFLT1
• Chromosome: 1
• Chromosome location: 1q42.2
• Summary: The protein encoded by this gene, pre-angiotensinogen or angiotensinogen precursor, is expressed in the liver and is cleaved by the enzyme renin in response to lowered blood pressure. The resulting product, angiotensin I, is then cleaved by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) to generate the physiologically active enzyme angiotensin II. The protein is involved in maintaining blood pressure, body fluid and electrolyte homeostasis, and in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension and preeclampsia. Mutations in this gene are associated with susceptibility to essential hypertension, and can cause renal tubular dysgenesis, a severe disorder of renal tubular development. Defects in this gene have also been associated with non-familial structural atrial fibrillation, and inflammatory bowel disease. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2019]

SNPs

SNP ID	Visualize variation	Clinical significance	Consequence
rs699	A>G	Benign, risk-factor	Coding sequence variant, missense variant
rs74315283	C>A,T	Pathogenic	Missense variant, coding sequence variant
rs121912702	G>A	Pathogenic	Stop gained, coding sequence variant
rs387906578	A>-,AA	Pathogenic	Coding sequence variant, frameshift variant, stop gained
rs747815674	C>A	Pathogenic	Splice donor variant
rs778806374	G>A	Pathogenic	Coding sequence variant, stop gained

miRNA

miRTarBase ID	miRNA	Experiments	Reference
MIRT028917	hsa-miR-26b-5p	Microarray	19088304

Transcription factors

Transcription factor	Regulation	Reference
NFKB1	Unknown	10628750;8613256
RELA	Unknown	10628750;8613256
SP1	Unknown	12032593
USF1	Repression	18802024
YBX1	Activation	11829142

Gene ontology (GO)

GO ID	Ontology	Definition	Evidence	Reference
GO:0000187	Process	Activation of MAPK activity	IMP	28283184
GO:0001558	Process	Regulation of cell growth	NAS	17159080
GO:0001819	Process	Positive regulation of cytokine production	TAS	17906677
GO:0001822	Process	Kidney development	IMP	16116425
GO:0001974	Process	Blood vessel remodeling	TAS	10406457
GO:0002016	Process	Regulation of blood volume by renin-angiotensin	NAS	17159080
GO:0002018	Process	Renin-angiotensin regulation of aldosterone production	NAS	17159080
GO:0002019	Process	Regulation of renal output by angiotensin	NAS	17159080
GO:0002034	Process	Maintenance of blood vessel diameter homeostasis by renin-angiotensin	TAS	10406457
GO:0003014	Process	Renal system process	IDA	21183621
GO:0004867	Function	Serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity	IBA	21873635
GO:0005179	Function	Hormone activity	IC	1378723
GO:0005179	Function	Hormone activity	ISS
GO:0005515	Function	Protein binding	IPI	16237761, 18202720, 20927107, 23082758, 32814053
GO:0005576	Component	Extracellular region	HDA	27068509
GO:0005576	Component	Extracellular region	NAS	14718574
GO:0005576	Component	Extracellular region	TAS
GO:0005615	Component	Extracellular space	HDA	16502470
GO:0005615	Component	Extracellular space	IBA	21873635
GO:0005615	Component	Extracellular space	IC	1378723
GO:0005615	Component	Extracellular space	IDA	18971559
GO:0005615	Component	Extracellular space	ISS
GO:0005829	Component	Cytosol	TAS
GO:0007186	Process	G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IDA	10406457
GO:0007186	Process	G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	TAS
GO:0007199	Process	G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway coupled to cGMP nucleotide second messenger	TAS	17159080
GO:0007200	Process	Phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	NAS	17159080
GO:0007263	Process	Nitric oxide mediated signal transduction	TAS	17159080
GO:0007267	Process	Cell-cell signaling	TAS	8513325
GO:0008083	Function	Growth factor activity	TAS	10406457
GO:0008217	Process	Regulation of blood pressure	IGI	17416596
GO:0010536	Process	Positive regulation of activation of Janus kinase activity	IMP	15153556
GO:0010595	Process	Positive regulation of endothelial cell migration	IDA	15652490
GO:0010613	Process	Positive regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy	ISS
GO:0010744	Process	Positive regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation	IC	18971559
GO:0010873	Process	Positive regulation of cholesterol esterification	IDA	18971559
GO:0010951	Process	Negative regulation of endopeptidase activity	IBA	21873635
GO:0014068	Process	Positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling	IDA	15652490
GO:0014873	Process	Response to muscle activity involved in regulation of muscle adaptation	ISS
GO:0019216	Process	Regulation of lipid metabolic process	TAS
GO:0019229	Process	Regulation of vasoconstriction	NAS	17159080
GO:0031702	Function	Type 1 angiotensin receptor binding	IPI	1378723
GO:0031703	Function	Type 2 angiotensin receptor binding	IPI	10406457
GO:0032270	Process	Positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process	IDA	18971559
GO:0033864	Process	Positive regulation of NAD(P)H oxidase activity	TAS	17159080
GO:0034374	Process	Low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling	NAS	17069818
GO:0035813	Process	Regulation of renal sodium excretion	NAS	17159080
GO:0042127	Process	Regulation of cell population proliferation	NAS	17159080
GO:0042310	Process	Vasoconstriction	IEA
GO:0043407	Process	Negative regulation of MAP kinase activity	IMP	28283184
GO:0045742	Process	Positive regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway	IDA	15652490
GO:0045893	Process	Positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated	IDA	15153556, 18607644
GO:0048146	Process	Positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation	ISS
GO:0050729	Process	Positive regulation of inflammatory response	TAS	17159080, 17906677
GO:0050731	Process	Positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	IDA	15652490
GO:0051092	Process	Positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity	TAS	17906677
GO:0051387	Process	Negative regulation of neurotrophin TRK receptor signaling pathway	IDA	10406457
GO:0061098	Process	Positive regulation of protein tyrosine kinase activity	IMP	15153556
GO:0062023	Component	Collagen-containing extracellular matrix	HDA	25037231
GO:0070062	Component	Extracellular exosome	HDA	23533145
GO:0072562	Component	Blood microparticle	HDA	22516433
GO:0090190	Process	Positive regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis	IDA	18607644
GO:1901201	Process	Regulation of extracellular matrix assembly	IGI	17416596
GO:1903598	Process	Positive regulation of gap junction assembly	IGI	17416596
GO:1903779	Process	Regulation of cardiac conduction	IGI	17416596
GO:2000379	Process	Positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process	TAS	17906677
GO:2001238	Process	Positive regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	IDA	10406457

Other IDs

• MIM: 106150
• HGNC: 333
• e!Ensembl: ENSG00000135744

Protein

• UniProt ID: P01019
• Protein name: Angiotensinogen (Serpin A8) [Cleaved into: Angiotensin-1 (Angiotensin 1-10) (Angiotensin I) (Ang I); Angiotensin-2 (Angiotensin 1-8) (Angiotensin II) (Ang II); Angiotensin-3 (Angiotensin 2-8) (Angiotensin III) (Ang III) (Des-Asp[1]-angiotensin II); Angiotensin-4 (Angiotensin 3-8) (Angiotensin IV) (Ang IV); Angiotensin 1-9; Angiotensin 1-7; Angiotensin 1-5; Angiotensin 1-4]
• Protein function: Essential component of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), a potent regulator of blood pressure, body fluid and electrolyte homeostasis.; [Angiotensin-2]: acts directly on vascular smooth muscle as a potent vasoconstrictor, affects cardiac contractility and heart rate through its action on the sympathetic nervous system, and alters renal sodium and water absorption through its ability to stimulate the zona glomerulosa cells of the adrenal cortex to synthesize and secrete aldosterone.; [Angiotensin-3]: stimulates aldosterone release.; [Angiotensin 1-7]: is a ligand for the G-protein coupled receptor MAS1. Has vasodilator and antidiuretic effects. Has an antithrombotic effect that involves MAS1-mediated release of nitric oxide from platelets.
• PDB: 1N9U, 1N9V, 2JP8, 2WXW, 2X0B, 3CK0, 3WOO, 3WOR, 4AA1, 4APH, 4FYS, 5E2Q, 5M3X, 5M3Y, 5XJM, 6I3F, 6I3I, 6JOD, 6OS0, 7C6A
• Family and domains:

  Pfam

  Accession	ID	Position in sequence	Description	Type
  PF00079	Serpin	108 → 481	Serpin (serine protease inhibitor)	Domain

• Sequence:

  MRKRAPQSEMAPAGVSLRATILCLLAWAGLAAGDRVYIHPFHLVIHNESTCEQLAKANAG
  KPKDPTFIPAPIQAKTSPVDEKALQDQLVLVAAKLDTEDKLRAAMVGMLANFLGFRIYGM
  HSELWGVVHGATVLSPTAVFGTLASLYLGALDHTADRLQAILGVPWKDKNCTSRLDAHKV
  LSALQAVQGLLVAQGRADSQAQLLLSTVVGVFTAPGLHLKQPFVQGLALYTPVVLPRSLD
  FTELDVAAEKIDRFMQAVTGWKTGCSLMGASVDSTLAFNTYVHFQGKMKGFSLLAEPQEF
  WVDNSTSVSVPMLSGMGTFQHWSDIQDNFSVTQVPFTESACLLLIQPHYASDLDKVEGLT
  FQQNSLNWMKKLSPRTIHLTMPQLVLQGSYDLQDLLAQAELPAILHTELNLQKLSNDRIR
  VGEVLNSIFFELEADEREPTESTQQLNKPEVLEVTLNRPFLFAVYDQSATALHFLGRVAN
  PLSTA

• Sequence length: 485