ACSL3 (acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 3)

Gene

• Entrez ID: 2181
• Gene name: Acyl-CoA synthetase long chain family member 3
• Gene symbol: ACSL3
• Synonyms: ACS3, FACL3, LACS 3, LACS3, PRO2194
• Chromosome: 2
• Chromosome location: 2q36.1
• Summary: The protein encoded by this gene is an isozyme of the long-chain fatty-acid-coenzyme A ligase family. Although differing in substrate specificity, subcellular localization, and tissue distribution, all isozymes of this family convert free long-chain fatty acids into fatty acyl-CoA esters, and thereby play a key role in lipid biosynthesis and fatty acid degradation. This isozyme is highly expressed in brain, and preferentially utilizes myristate, arachidonate, and eicosapentaenoate as substrates. The amino acid sequence of this isozyme is 92% identical to that of rat homolog. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

miRNA

miRTarBase ID	miRNA	Experiments	Reference
MIRT017614	hsa-miR-335-5p	Microarray	18185580
MIRT019639	hsa-miR-340-5p	Sequencing	20371350
MIRT019874	hsa-miR-375	Microarray	20215506
MIRT024182	hsa-miR-221-3p	Sequencing	20371350
MIRT048455	hsa-miR-100-5p	CLASH	23622248
MIRT441287	hsa-miR-377-5p	HITS-CLIP	24374217
MIRT441287	hsa-miR-377-5p	PAR-CLIP	22100165
MIRT446291	hsa-miR-6086	PAR-CLIP	22100165
MIRT446292	hsa-miR-655-5p	PAR-CLIP	22100165
MIRT446293	hsa-miR-96-3p	PAR-CLIP	22100165
MIRT446294	hsa-miR-329-5p	PAR-CLIP	22100165
MIRT446295	hsa-miR-551b-5p	PAR-CLIP	22100165
MIRT446296	hsa-miR-5582-3p	PAR-CLIP	22100165
MIRT446297	hsa-miR-548x-3p	PAR-CLIP	22100165
MIRT446298	hsa-miR-548j-3p	PAR-CLIP	22100165
MIRT446299	hsa-miR-548aq-3p	PAR-CLIP	22100165
MIRT446300	hsa-miR-548am-3p	PAR-CLIP	22100165
MIRT446301	hsa-miR-548aj-3p	PAR-CLIP	22100165
MIRT446302	hsa-miR-548ah-3p	PAR-CLIP	22100165
MIRT446303	hsa-miR-548ae-3p	PAR-CLIP	22100165
MIRT446304	hsa-miR-548z	PAR-CLIP	22100165
MIRT446305	hsa-miR-548h-3p	PAR-CLIP	22100165
MIRT446306	hsa-miR-548d-3p	PAR-CLIP	22100165
MIRT446307	hsa-miR-548bb-3p	PAR-CLIP	22100165
MIRT446308	hsa-miR-548ac	PAR-CLIP	22100165
MIRT728395	hsa-miR-26b-5p	HITS-CLIP	22473208
MIRT728396	hsa-miR-26a-5p	HITS-CLIP	22473208
MIRT732422	hsa-miR-26a-1-3p	Luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, Western blot	25961460

Gene ontology (GO)

GO ID	Ontology	Definition	Evidence	Reference
GO:0001676	Process	Long-chain fatty acid metabolic process	IBA	21873635
GO:0001676	Process	Long-chain fatty acid metabolic process	IMP	22633490
GO:0001676	Process	Long-chain fatty acid metabolic process	ISS
GO:0004467	Function	Long-chain fatty acid-CoA ligase activity	IBA	21873635
GO:0004467	Function	Long-chain fatty acid-CoA ligase activity	IMP	20219900, 22633490
GO:0004467	Function	Long-chain fatty acid-CoA ligase activity	ISS
GO:0005515	Function	Protein binding	IPI	29549094
GO:0005524	Function	ATP binding	IEA
GO:0005741	Component	Mitochondrial outer membrane	IEA
GO:0005778	Component	Peroxisomal membrane	IEA
GO:0005783	Component	Endoplasmic reticulum	IBA	21873635
GO:0005783	Component	Endoplasmic reticulum	IDA	14741744, 20605918
GO:0005789	Component	Endoplasmic reticulum membrane	TAS
GO:0005794	Component	Golgi apparatus	IDA	20605918
GO:0005811	Component	Lipid droplet	IBA	21873635
GO:0005811	Component	Lipid droplet	IDA	14741744, 21498505
GO:0005886	Component	Plasma membrane	IBA	21873635
GO:0006633	Process	Fatty acid biosynthetic process	IEA
GO:0007420	Process	Brain development	IEA
GO:0007584	Process	Response to nutrient	IEA
GO:0014070	Process	Response to organic cyclic compound	IEA
GO:0016020	Component	Membrane	HDA	19946888
GO:0016020	Component	Membrane	IBA	21873635
GO:0016021	Component	Integral component of membrane	IEA
GO:0019901	Function	Protein kinase binding	IPI	20605918
GO:0019904	Function	Protein domain specific binding	IPI	20605918
GO:0030182	Process	Neuron differentiation	IBA	21873635
GO:0034379	Process	Very-low-density lipoprotein particle assembly	IMP	18003621
GO:0035336	Process	Long-chain fatty-acyl-CoA metabolic process	IBA	21873635
GO:0035338	Process	Long-chain fatty-acyl-CoA biosynthetic process	TAS
GO:0042998	Process	Positive regulation of Golgi to plasma membrane protein transport	IMP	20605918
GO:0044539	Process	Long-chain fatty acid import into cell	IDA	20219900
GO:0047676	Function	Arachidonate-CoA ligase activity	ISS
GO:0048471	Component	Perinuclear region of cytoplasm	IDA	14741744, 20605918
GO:0051047	Process	Positive regulation of secretion	IMP	18003621
GO:2001247	Process	Positive regulation of phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic process	IMP	18003621

Other IDs

• MIM: 602371
• HGNC: 3570
• e!Ensembl: ENSG00000123983

Protein

• UniProt ID: O95573
• Protein name: Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 3 (EC 6.2.1.3) (Arachidonate--CoA ligase) (EC 6.2.1.15) (Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 3) (LACS 3)
• Protein function: Acyl-CoA synthetases (ACSL) activates long-chain fatty acids for both synthesis of cellular lipids, and degradation via beta-oxidation (PubMed:22633490). Required for the incorporation of fatty acids into phosphatidylcholine, the major phospholipid located on the surface of VLDL (very low density lipoproteins) (PubMed:18003621). Has mainly an anabolic role in energy metabolism. Mediates hepatic lipogenesis. Preferentially uses myristate, laurate, arachidonate and eicosapentaenoate as substrates. Both isoforms exhibit the same level of activity (By similarity).
• Family and domains:

  Pfam

  Accession	ID	Position in sequence	Description	Type
  PF00501	AMP-binding	113 → 587	AMP-binding enzyme	Family

• Sequence:

  MNNHVSSKPSTMKLKHTINPILLYFIHFLISLYTILTYIPFYFFSESRQEKSNRIKAKPV
  NSKPDSAYRSVNSLDGLASVLYPGCDTLDKVFTYAKNKFKNKRLLGTREVLNEEDEVQPN
  GKIFKKVILGQYNWLSYEDVFVRAFNFGNGLQMLGQKPKTNIAIFCETRAEWMIAAQACF
  MYNFQLVTLYATLGGPAIVHALNETEVTNIITSKELLQTKLKDIVSLVPRLRHIITVDGK
  PPTWSEFPKGIIVHTMAAVEALGAKASMENQPHSKPLPSDIAVIMYTSGSTGLPKGVMIS
  HSNIIAGITGMAERIPELGEEDVYIGYLPLAHVLELSAELVCLSHGCRIGYSSPQTLADQ
  SSKIKKGSKGDTSMLKPTLMAAVPEIMDRIYKNVMNKVSEMSSFQRNLFILAYNYKMEQI
  SKGRNTPLCDSFVFRKVRSLLGGNIRLLLCGGAPLSATTQRFMNICFCCPVGQGYGLTES
  AGAGTISEVWDYNTGRVGAPLVCCEIKLKNWEEGGYFNTDKPHPRGEILIGGQSVTMGYY
  KNEAKTKADFFEDENGQRWLCTGDIGEFEPDGCLKIIDRKKDLVKLQAGEYVSLGKVEAA
  LKNLPLVDNICAYANSYHSYVIGFVVPNQKELTELARKKGLKGTWEELCNSCEMENEVLK
  VLSEAAISASLEKFEIPVKIRLSPEPWTPETGLVTDAFKLKRKELKTHYQADIERMYGRK
  

• Sequence length: 720