ACACB (acetyl-CoA carboxylase beta)

Gene

• Entrez ID: 32
• Gene name: Acetyl-CoA carboxylase beta
• Gene symbol: ACACB
• Synonyms: ACC-beta, ACC2, ACCB, HACC275
• Chromosome: 12
• Chromosome location: 12q24.11
• Summary: Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) is a complex multifunctional enzyme system. ACC is a biotin-containing enzyme which catalyzes the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA, the rate-limiting step in fatty acid synthesis. ACC-beta is thought to control fatty acid oxidation by means of the ability of malonyl-CoA to inhibit carnitine-palmitoyl-CoA transferase I, the rate-limiting step in fatty acid uptake and oxidation by mitochondria. ACC-beta may be involved in the regulation of fatty acid oxidation, rather than fatty acid biosynthesis. There is evidence for the presence of two ACC-beta isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

miRNA

miRTarBase ID	miRNA	Experiments	Reference
MIRT019364	hsa-miR-148b-3p	Microarray	17612493
MIRT441298	hsa-miR-544a	HITS-CLIP	24374217
MIRT630841	hsa-miR-7703	HITS-CLIP	23824327
MIRT630842	hsa-miR-6720-5p	HITS-CLIP	23824327
MIRT630843	hsa-miR-6512-3p	HITS-CLIP	23824327
MIRT630844	hsa-miR-4252	HITS-CLIP	23824327
MIRT630845	hsa-miR-6797-3p	HITS-CLIP	23824327
MIRT630846	hsa-miR-6076	HITS-CLIP	23824327
MIRT630847	hsa-miR-4793-3p	HITS-CLIP	23824327
MIRT630848	hsa-miR-766-3p	HITS-CLIP	23824327
MIRT630849	hsa-miR-6849-3p	HITS-CLIP	23824327
MIRT630850	hsa-miR-1273g-3p	HITS-CLIP	23824327
MIRT630851	hsa-miR-425-5p	HITS-CLIP	23824327
MIRT630852	hsa-miR-596	HITS-CLIP	23824327
MIRT630853	hsa-miR-508-5p	HITS-CLIP	23824327

Transcription factors

Transcription factor	Regulation	Reference
MYF6	Unknown	11076940
MYOD1	Unknown	11076940
MYOG	Unknown	11076940
SREBF1	Unknown	12764144

Gene ontology (GO)

GO ID	Ontology	Definition	Evidence	Reference
GO:0003989	Function	Acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity	IDA	19236960, 20457939, 20952656, 26976583
GO:0005515	Function	Protein binding	IPI	16794074, 20085763, 20457939, 20952656
GO:0005524	Function	ATP binding	IEA
GO:0005634	Component	Nucleus	IDA	10677481
GO:0005739	Component	Mitochondrion	IDA	10677481
GO:0005741	Component	Mitochondrial outer membrane	TAS
GO:0005829	Component	Cytosol	TAS
GO:0006084	Process	Acetyl-CoA metabolic process	IDA	20952656
GO:0006633	Process	Fatty acid biosynthetic process	IEA
GO:0006853	Process	Carnitine shuttle	TAS
GO:0009374	Function	Biotin binding	IEA
GO:0010629	Process	Negative regulation of gene expression	IEA
GO:0010884	Process	Positive regulation of lipid storage	IEA
GO:0010906	Process	Regulation of glucose metabolic process	IEA
GO:0014070	Process	Response to organic cyclic compound	IEA
GO:0031325	Process	Positive regulation of cellular metabolic process	TAS
GO:0031667	Process	Response to nutrient levels	IEA
GO:0031999	Process	Negative regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation	IEA
GO:0042493	Process	Response to drug	IEA
GO:0042802	Function	Identical protein binding	IPI	20457939
GO:0043086	Process	Negative regulation of catalytic activity	IEA
GO:0045540	Process	Regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process	TAS
GO:0046872	Function	Metal ion binding	IEA
GO:0051289	Process	Protein homotetramerization	IDA	20952656
GO:0060421	Process	Positive regulation of heart growth	IEA
GO:0097009	Process	Energy homeostasis	IEA
GO:2001295	Process	Malonyl-CoA biosynthetic process	IEA

Other IDs

• MIM: 601557
• HGNC: 85
• e!Ensembl: ENSG00000076555

Protein

• UniProt ID: O00763
• Protein name: Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2 (EC 6.4.1.2) (ACC-beta)
• Protein function: Mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA and plays a central role in fatty acid metabolism (PubMed:16854592, PubMed:19236960, PubMed:20457939, PubMed:20952656, PubMed:19900410, PubMed:26976583). Catalyzes a 2 steps reaction starting with the ATP-dependent carboxylation of the biotin carried by the biotin carboxyl carrier (BCC) domain followed by the transfer of the carboxyl group from carboxylated biotin to acetyl-CoA (PubMed:19236960, PubMed:20457939, PubMed:20952656, PubMed:26976583). Through the production of malonyl-CoA that allosterically inhibits carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 at the mitochondria, negatively regulates fatty acid oxidation (By similarity). Together with its cytosolic isozyme ACACA, which is involved in de novo fatty acid biosynthesis, promotes lipid storage (By similarity).
• PDB: 2DN8, 2HJW, 2KCC, 3FF6, 3GID, 3GLK, 3JRW, 3JRX, 3TDC, 4HQ6, 5KKN
• Family and domains:

  Pfam

  Accession	ID	Position in sequence	Description	Type
  PF00289	Biotin_carb_N	259 → 379	Biotin carboxylase, N-terminal domain	Domain
  PF02786	CPSase_L_D2	417 → 616	Carbamoyl-phosphate synthase L chain, ATP binding domain	Domain
  PF02785	Biotin_carb_C	650 → 758	Biotin carboxylase C-terminal domain	Domain
  PF00364	Biotin_lipoyl	895 → 961	Biotin-requiring enzyme	Domain
  PF08326	ACC_central	962 → 1688	Acetyl-CoA carboxylase, central region	Family
  PF01039	Carboxyl_trans	1780 → 2334	Carboxyl transferase domain	Family

• Sequence:

  MVLLLCLSCLIFSCLTFSWLKIWGKMTDSKPITKSKSEANLIPSQEPFPASDNSGETPQR
  NGEGHTLPKTPSQAEPASHKGPKDAGRRRNSLPPSHQKPPRNPLSSSDAAPSPELQANGT
  GTQGLEATDTNGLSSSARPQGQQAGSPSKEDKKQANIKRQLMTNFILGSFDDYSSDEDSV
  AGSSRESTRKGSRASLGALSLEAYLTTGEAETRVPTMRPSMSGLHLVKRGREHKKLDLHR
  DFTVASPAEFVTRFGGDRVIEKVLIANNGIAAVKCMRSIRRWAYEMFRNERAIRFVVMVT
  PEDLKANAEYIKMADHYVPVPGGPNNNNYANVELIVDIAKRIPVQAVWAGWGHASENPKL
  PELLCKNGVAFLGPPSEAMWALGDKIASTVVAQTLQVPTLPWSGSGLTVEWTEDDLQQGK
  RISVPEDVYDKGCVKDVDEGLEAAERIGFPLMIKASEGGGGKGIRKAESAEDFPILFRQV
  QSEIPGSPIFLMKLAQHARHLEVQILADQYGNAVSLFGRDCSIQRRHQKIVEEAPATIAP
  LAIFEFMEQCAIRLAKTVGYVSAGTVEYLYSQDGSFHFLELNPRLQVEHPCTEMIADVNL
  PAAQLQIAMGVPLHRLKDIRLLYGESPWGVTPISFETPSNPPLARGHVIAARITSENPDE
  GFKPSSGTVQELNFRSSKNVWGYFSVAATGGLHEFADSQFGHCFSWGENREEAISNMVVA
  LKELSIRGDFRTTVEYLINLLETESFQNNDIDTGWLDYLIAEKVQAEKPDIMLGVVCGAL
  NVADAMFRTCMTDFLHSLERGQVLPADSLLNLVDVELIYGGVKYILKVARQSLTMFVLIM
  NGCHIEIDAHRLNDGGLLLSYNGNSYTTYMKEEVDSYRITIGNKTCVFEKENDPTVLRSP
  SAGKLTQYTVEDGGHVEAGSSYAEMEVMKMIMTLNVQERGRVKYIKRPGAVLEAGCVVAR
  LELDDPSKVHPAEPFTGELPAQQTLPILGEKLHQVFHSVLENLTNVMSGFCLPEPVFSIK
  LKEWVQKLMMTLRHPSLPLLELQEIMTSVAGRIPAPVEKSVRRVMAQYASNITSVLCQFP
  SQQIATILDCHAATLQRKADREVFFINTQSIVQLVQRYRSGIRGYMKTVVLDLLRRYLRV
  EHHFQQAHYDKCVINLREQFKPDMSQVLDCIFSHAQVAKKNQLVIMLIDELCGPDPSLSD
  ELISILNELTQLSKSEHCKVALRARQILIASHLPSYELRHNQVESIFLSAIDMYGHQFCP
  ENLKKLILSETTIFDVLPTFFYHANKVVCMASLEVYVRRGYIAYELNSLQHRQLPDGTCV
  VEFQFMLPSSHPNRMTVPISITNPDLLRHSTELFMDSGFSPLCQRMGAMVAFRRFEDFTR
  NFDEVISCFANVPKDTPLFSEARTSLYSEDDCKSLREEPIHILNVSIQCADHLEDEALVP
  ILRTFVQSKKNILVDYGLRRITFLIAQEKEFPKFFTFRARDEFAEDRIYRHLEPALAFQL
  ELNRMRNFDLTAVPCANHKMHLYLGAAKVKEGVEVTDHRFFIRAIIRHSDLITKEASFEY
  LQNEGERLLLEAMDELEVAFNNTSVRTDCNHIFLNFVPTVIMDPFKIEESVRYMVMRYGS
  RLWKLRVLQAEVKINIRQTTTGSAVPIRLFITNESGYYLDISLYKEVTDSRSGNIMFHSF
  GNKQGPQHGMLINTPYVTKDLLQAKRFQAQTLGTTYIYDFPEMFRQALFKLWGSPDKYPK
  DILTYTELVLDSQGQLVEMNRLPGGNEVGMVAFKMRFKTQEYPEGRDVIVIGNDITFRIG
  SFGPGEDLLYLRASEMARAEGIPKIYVAANSGARIGMAEEIKHMFHVAWVDPEDPHKGFK
  YLYLTPQDYTRISSLNSVHCKHIEEGGESRYMITDIIGKDDGLGVENLRGSGMIAGESSL
  AYEEIVTISLVTCRAIGIGAYLVRLGQRVIQVENSHIILTGASALNKVLGREVYTSNNQL
  GGVQIMHYNGVSHITVPDDFEGVYTILEWLSYMPKDNHSPVPIITPTDPIDREIEFLPSR
  APYDPRWMLAGRPHPTLKGTWQSGFFDHGSFKEIMAPWAQTVVTGRARLGGIPVGVIAVE
  TRTVEVAVPADPANLDSEAKIIQQAGQVWFPDSAYKTAQAVKDFNREKLPLMIFANWRGF
  SGGMKDMYDQVLKFGAYIVDGLRQYKQPILIYIPPYAELRGGSWVVIDATINPLCIEMYA
  DKESRGGVLEPEGTVEIKFRKKDLIKSMRRIDPAYKKLMEQLGEPDLSDKDRKDLEGRLK
  AREDLLLPIYHQVAVQFADFHDTPGRMLEKGVISDILEWKTARTFLYWRLRRLLLEDQVK
  QEILQASGELSHVHIQSMLRRWFVETEGAVKAYLWDNNQVVVQWLEQHWQAGDGPRSTIR
  ENITYLKHDSVLKTIRGLVEENPEVAVDCVIYLSQHISPAERAQVVHLLSTMDSPAST

• Sequence length: 2458